cooking and food additives Flashcards
what is cooking?
a chemical change because a new substance has been made
can the process of cooking be reversed?
no
sum up points about cooking in 2 points
the change is irreversible
an energy change takes place in the food
when do chemical changes happen in food?
when the food is heated
what changes when a potato is cooked?
its taste and texture. The texture becomes more soft and fluffy
name a chemical that is in food?
protein
what are proteins?
large molecules that have definite shapes
what is the white of an egg made up of?
a protein called albumin
what is it called when a protein molecule changes shape?
denaturing
what happens when a potato is cooked? and what does this result in?
it causes the cell walls to break down or rupture resulting in a loss of rigid structure and a softer texture
what makes a potato easier to digest when its cooked?
the starch grains that burst, swell up and spread
what are bread and cakes made from?
flour
what is added to make cakes rise?
baking powder
what is made when baking powder is heated in the oven?
carbon dioxide
what are the four additives?
antioxidants
food colourants
flavour enhancers
emulsifiers
what are antioxidants used to do?
stop food from reacting with oxygen
what are food colourants used for?
give food an improved colour
what are flavour enhancers used for?
to improve flavour
what are emulsifiers used for?
to help oil and water mix with foods. They stop oil and water from separating
what chemical is baking powder?
sodium hydrogencarbonate
what is made when sodium hydrogencarbonate is broken down?
sodium carbonate
water
carbon dioxide
what is the emulsifier in mayonnaise?
egg
what are the two parts to an emulsifier
water loving part that attracts vinegar to it. The other is called water hating part that attracts oil to it,
what is the water loving part called?
the hydrophillic head
what is the water hating part called?
the hydrophobic tail
