Smarty PANCE Practice Exam Stuff I Got Wrong (Alice) Flashcards by Seth Northway

factor VIII concentrate is called

cryoprecipitate

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what bleeding d.o is desmopressin used to tx

von willebrand’s

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how much weight should a newborn gain in the first year of life

weight should triple by 1 yo

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mc complication of kawasaki

coronary artery aneurysms

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in infants, the eyes should move in parallel w.o deviation by the age of _

6 mo

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infant turns its head toward anything that strokes its cheek or mouth, searching for the object by moving its head in seatdily decreasing arcs until the object is found

rooting reflex

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rooting reflex should disapear by age _

2-3 mos

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what type of fx is this

torus/buckle

occurs after minor fall on the hand

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tx for torus/buckle fx

self resolve in 3-4 weeks
ace wrap vs anterior splinting

stable/less painful fx

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what causes more force directed laterally during knee flexion and leads to retropatellar pain

increased q angle

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HPI clue for slipped capital femoral epiphysis

overweight

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fracture in the cortex of one side of the bone shaft w.o a break in the opposite cortex

greenstick fx

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3-6 mo old w. poor appetite/feeding, sluggishness, constipation, enlarged abdomen, umbilical hernia, and enlarged tongue

congenital hypothyroidism

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common presentation of phenylketonuria (4)

intellectual disability
cognitive/behavioral abnl
motor deficitis
convulsions

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first step in managment of duodenal atresia

NG tube

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dx and hallmark findings for hirschprung dz

rectal bx

absence of ganglion cells in both submucosal and muscular layers if involved bowel

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duchenne’s muscular dystrophy mc affects what pt pop

toddler-aged males

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-physiologically split S2
-grade III/IV high pitched, harsh, pansystolic murmur heard best at the 3rd/4th ICS
-radiation across the precordium

VSD

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“palpable right ventricular lift” makes you think of

TOF

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hep B vaccination schedule

3 doses:

birth
1-2 mos
6-18 mos

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by what age should the posterior fontanel be closed

birth
2 mos at the latest

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autosomal recessive d.o due to an extra x chromosome

klinefelter’s

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typical presentation of klinefelters (5)

presents at puberty
incomplete masculinization
decreased body hair
gynecomastia
small phalus/testicles

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short stature, web neck, pectus excavatum

noonan’s syndrome

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short stature, webbed neck, phenotypical female

turner's syndrome

tx of choice for duodenal atresia

duodenoduodenostomy

complication of tapeworm infxn

neurocysticercosis

abnl development of meningeal vasculature

struge-weber syndrome

deposition of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

kernicterus

tx for homocystinuria

high dose B6

first line prophylactic tx for recurrent rheumatic fever

benzathine pen G q 4 weeks *erythromycin if penicillin allergy*

2 rf for recurrent rheumatic fever

children carditis during initial episode

6 indications for hospitalization w. bronchiolitis

hypoxia on room air moderate tachypnea w. feeding difficulty marked respiratory distress w. retractions < 2-3 mos old hx of apnea underlying cardiopulmonary dz

indication for pediatric pt to receive the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (pneumovax)

children > 23 mos at increased risk for pneumococcal dz

indication for racemic epi + steroids in laryngotrachobonrchitis (viral croup)

stridor at rest

t/f: use of a pacifier during sleeping is a current recommendation to decrease risk of SIDS

3 normal findings in a newborn that might sound scary but are just a result from mom's hormones being transferred to the ftus in utero and via breastmilk

non purulent vaginal d.c vaginal spotting mammary enlargement

most predominant pathogen in pt's w. cystic fibrosis

pseudomonas

common presentation of bacterial tracheitis

apparent improvement vs failed tx following recent viral URI (mc croup), followed by: high fever respiratory distress

dx for bacterial tracheitis

lateral neck xray: subglottic and tracheal narrowing

mcc of gasteroenteritis in kiddos

rotavirus

IVF of choice for severely dehydrated kid unable to tolerate oral rehydration (2)

20 mg/kg normal saline OR LR

dx and findings for pyloric stenosis

upper GI contrast radiographs narrowed distal stomach w. double tract of barium

common presentation of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN)

increased WOB and progressive tachypnea w.in 2 hr of delivery

pathophys of TTN

delayed resorption and clearance of alveolar fluid -> pulmonary edema

what is this showing

bilateral perhilar streaking hyperinflation of lungs pulmonary edema **TTN**

tx for TTN

beingn self resolves by day 2 of life supportive tx

initial sx of iron poisoning (2)

vomiting bloody diarrhea

presentation of osteogenesis imperfecta (3)

blue sclerae recurrent fx persenile deafness

radiolucent nidus surrounded by osteosclerosis

osteoid osteoma

first line tx for lyme dz in kido < 8 yo

amoxicillin vs cefuroxime

how do you calculate cobb angle

AP and lateral xray films of the entire length of the spine

6 yo f w lbp that ardiates to the abdomen and difficulty walking x 1 week - low grade fever x severeal days - restricted forward flexion and extension 2/2 to pain - area of cellulitis from an insect bite on left scapula

discitis

6 rf for developmental hip dysplasia

(+) fam hx ligamentous laxity breech presentation female large fetal size first born

indications for tympanocentesis for AOM (5)

-failed 2 courses of appropriate abx (ex amoxicillin and augmentin) -bilateral chronic OM w. effusion for 3 mo or longer AND documented hearing loss -3 mo or longer plus reduced quality of life -3 episodes x 6 mos OR 4 episodes in 12 mos with effusion -at risk - permanent hearing loss, speech/language delay, developmental d.o

how do you evaluate for hearing loss in children < 3 yo

auditory evoked potentials

what is this showing

epiglottitis

presentation of niemann-pick dz (3)

loss of motor milestones hyporeflexia cherry red spot on macula hepatosplenomegaly

niemann pick dz is caused by a deficiency in

sphingomyelinase

3 ways to differentiate niemann-pick dz from tay sachs dz

niemann pick dz presents with: hepatosplenomegaly hyporeflexia/areflexia foamy appearance to affected cells

how does tay sachs affect reflexes

hyperreflexia

UA findings of IgA nephropathy

cola colored urine 2+ protein 2+ Hgb negative for WBC/casts/bacteria

presentation of reye syndrome (5)

post viral infxn lethargic/drowsy vomiting (+) babinski/hyperreflexia hepatomegaly

leading cause of injury related death in children btw 1 and 19 yo

firearms

who is most likely to sexually abuse a child

family member

tx for tinea capitis

oral girseofulvin x 4-8 weeks

tx for extensive bullous impetigo

oral dicloxacillin

typical presentation of rubeola (measles) (4)

3 c's: cough, conjunctivitis, coryza thick copis rhinorrhea fever white papules on buccal mucosa

bright red-purple deep vascular nodule/plaque that often develops at birth and may enlarge

hemangioma

recommended age range for initial MMR vaccination

12-15 mos

erythematous, scaling crusty lesions on vertex of scalp

seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap)

management of seborrheic dermatitis (3)

1. olive oil compress 2. baby shampoo 3. mild hydrocortisone cream

3 indications for admit w. black widow spider bite

children pregnant preexisting CVD

8 yo w. 2 day hx of spreading non pruritic maculopapular rash on an erythematous base on trunk w. accentuation in skin folds -cervical LAD - preceded by fever, sore throat, rhinorrhea

scarlatina rash

scarlatina rash is caused by

GAS

what 2 prophylactic tx are recommended for a 13 mo old w. SSA

folic acid pen v

genetic marker for klinefelter

47 XXY

tx for osteomyelitis causd by staph or salmonella

cefoxatime

what does this child have

fragile X syndrome: protruding ears male long face large jaw macrocephaly frontal bossing

following puberty, kids w. fragile X syndrome often develop (8)

**macroochordism** strabismus connective tissue dysplasia MVP hyperextensible joints ADD hand flapping/hand biting averting gase mild-severe mental retardation

fragile x syndrome is caused by

CGG trinucleotide expantion w.in FMR1 gene on X chromosome

growth chart findings of constitutional growth delay (3)

normal birth weight/height deop in %iles btw 6 mos and 3 yo reestablishment of normal rowth

which growth chart corresponds w. constitutional growth delay

t/f: kids w. constitutional growth delay have normal adult height

what scabicide has been associated w. neurotoxicity in infants and young kids

lindane (kwell)