Smaller regions Flashcards
Argentina
- East of Andes in South America
- N to S = Best region MENDOZA in the South and SALTA in North
- Avg altitude = 7800ft - highest in world
- No Phyloxera
- Climate of Alsace - extreme dihurnals
- Natural irrigation due to proximity to Andes
Most important grapes =
MALBEC & TORRONTES (very aromatic)
Cabernet Sauvignon and the usual Internatioanl grapes
Chile
- Long stretch of land between Andes and Pacific Ocean.
- Ungrafted vines - no Phyloxera
- Vineyards all protected so similarities to Mediterranean climate
- French wineries made investments here as a result
•Best region in Central Chile= MAIPO valley and RAPEL valley
Aconcagua valley in the North
Important grapes = CARMENERE (the abandoned grape of Bordeaux) followed by Cabernet Sauvignon
New York
- Moranic soils due to glacial movement - churned up granite and minerals and created Finger Lakes
- Finger Lakes = RIESLING -most important region - mitigation of climate due to lakes and mineral form the soils
- Seneca biggest body of water and biggest lake
- Long Island other main region CABERNET FRANC
AVA = define and what is acronym?
What percent of varietal must it be to be AVA (other than OR)?
What percent must be in the wine to label it a varietal?
American Viticultural Area - climate, geographical region and altitude
85% - (95% in OR)
75%
Washington
- MERLOT, Cabernet Sauvignon
- RIESLING, Gewurtzrtaminer, Chardonnay
- Dihurnals like Argentina, Alsace, Valle d’Aoste
- Cascade mountains make rainshadow effect
- Columbia valley biggest AVA - big dihurnals and temperature excursion - high dessert and lots of sunlight
- No natural irrigation - expensive
- Sub AVAs of note = Yakima, Yakima Valley, Waluke Slope, Horse Heaven Hills, Red Mountain, Walla Walla (shared AVA with Oregon
•Puget Sound AVA - West of Cascade Mts
Oregon
•PINOT NOIR - must be 95% to be AVA
•PINOT GRIS - best for white
•Willamette Valley AVA = best expression of Pinot Noir
Sub AVA = Dundee Hills most important
•Vineyards follow Columbia river - alluvial soils
•2 types of soil - Willikenzie=ancient volcanic sediment Jory= reddish in color more clay presence (both alluvial)
What is the main grape of Canada?
Vidal - white
California - South Coast
San Diego to Mailbu
•Temecula Canyon AVA
•Malibu Canyon AVA
California
What makes growing grapes here work?
1- Soils important - lots of tectonic movement - San Andreas fault
2- Wind gaps along rocky mountains = all canyons
3-Everything in CA is less than 50 miles from the ocean - oceanic breeze vital
California - Central Coast
•SANTA BARBARA COUNTY AVA
grapes = Chardonnay and Pinto Noir
5 sub AVAs=
Sta. Rita Hills, Santa Maria Valley, Happy Canyon, Ballard Canyon, Santa Ynez
Sta. Rita Hills and Santa Maria (closest to sea) and benefits most from this funneled wind
- PASO ROBLES = biggest AVA - hottest and most similar to Southern Rhone with GSM blends
- SW corner most important - big coastal breeze
•
California AVAs
NORTH COAST
•Mendocino County = •Anderson Valley = traditional sparkling)
•Napa County:
Valley floor = •Rutherford, •Stag’s Leap, Oak Knoll, Oakville, Yountville, Calistoga, St. Helena
Mountain AVAs = •Mount Veeder, •Atlas Peak, Howell Mountain, Spring Mountain, Diamond Mountain
•Sonoma County = •Sonoma Coast, •Los Carneros, •Russian River Valley, •Dry Creek Valley
CENTRAL COAST
•Alameda County (San Francisco) = •Livermore Valley
•Monterey County = •Santa Lucia Highlands
•San Luis Obispo County = •Edna Valley, •Arroyo Grande Valley,
Paso Robles (Santa Margarita Ranch) = biggest AVA - hottest and most similar to Southern Rhone with GSM blends
•Santa Barbara County = Sta. Rita Hills, Santa Maria, Santa Ynez, Happy Valley, Ballard Canyon
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
Temecula Valley, Malibu Coast
INLAND VALLEYS
flat, fertile, volume production. LODI=decent zinfandel
SIERRA FOOTHILLS
Australia
WESTERN AUSTRALIA = Margaret River -Cab and Merlot
VICTOIRIA = Rutherglen = Fortified
SOUTH AUSTRALIA = Clare Valley, Barossa Valley (Shiraz), Eden Valley, McLaren Valley Coonawarra (cabernet - terra rossa)
NEW SOUTH WALES = Hunter Valley - Semillon, Riesling
TASMANIA = Sparkling, Pinot noir
GI - geographical indication
New Zealand
- •CENTRAL OTAGO = Pinot Noir
- •MARLBOROUGH = Sauvignon Blanc
MARTIBOUROUGH = Chardonnay
HAWKE’S BAY = Chardonnay
Spain
GALICIA = Green Spain
•RIAS BAIXES = Albarino grape white
-Duero valley - don Quixote
•RUEDA = Verdejo - white
•RIBERA DEL DUERO = Tempranillo
Ebro river RIOJA = DOCa Tempranillo Rioja Alta - exposed vineyards Rioja Alvaersa Rioja Baja = protected limestone and clay
Crianza - 2 yrs 1 in oak
Reserva - 3 years 1 in oak
Grand reserva - 5 years 2 in oak
Cataluna (Barcelona) PENEDES = CAVA best traditional
Aging cava = 9 months
Grape Soda= macabre, xarel-lo, parellada
PRIORATO = DOCa = key feature soil Liqurelle - slate w/ clay black and reflective Granache
Andalacia - JEREZ = Sherry - Sanlucar de Barrameda - albarizzo soil
Airen grape brandy to ferment
Vinos de Pago = single estate winery
Doc
Do
Igp
Uruguay
Tannat - tannic grape
