Small animal repro disorders Flashcards
what is the cause of metritis?
normal uterine activity suppressed, estrus happens, and chanced of bacteria entering into the uterus increases
what will occur if metritis is not treated or controlled?
become pyometra
what are the clinical signs of metritis?
lethargy, PU/PD, vomiting, inappetence, fever, tachycardia/tachypnea, vaginal discharge, hungry puppies/kittens, extended abdomen
how do we diagnose metritis?
elevated WBC, proteinuria, hematuria, bacteria
how do we treat metritis?
IV fluids, antibiotics, prostaglandins or oxytocin
how to prevent metritis?
OVH
what is the cause of pyometra?
bacteria in the uterus
who is most susceptible to pyometra?
unspayed, 6 years or older,
what are the clinical signs of pyometra?
PU/PD, pale mm, abdominal pain
what is the difference between open and closed pyometra?
open - vaginal discharge (bloody or purulent)
closed - no discharge, clinical signs
when may vaginal discharge not be visible?
for animals who are constantly cleaning their vaginal area
how do we diagnose pyometra?
elevated ALP, presence of RBCs, WBC,s and bacteria, vaginal cytology
how do we treat pyometra?
OVH or antibiotics if animal is not stable for surgery
what is the cause of dystocia?
number of feti, size of feti, positioning of feti, lack of uterine contractions, small birth canal
who is more prone to dystocia?
animals who’ve had previous dystocia, partition that lasts for an extended period of time
what are the clinical signs of dystocia?
contractions with no feti production, additional pain noted, foul smell of dead fetal tissue
how do we diagnose dystocia?
history, examination, imaging
how do we treat dystocia?
oxytocin, manual assistance, C-section
how do we prevent dystocia?
proper management, history, pre breeding testing
what are the two types of mammary tumors?
benign or malignant
what increases the risk or predisposes an animal to mammary tumors?
young obese animals, high in red meat diet, middle-older aged dogs
where else can the malignant form be found?
lymph nodes, lungs, skeletal system, abdomen
what are the clinical signs of mammary tumors?
enlargement of gland, edema, pain
how do we diagnose mammary tumors?
elevated WBC, decreased platelets, imaging, CT to rule out metastasis, histology
