Small Animal Pelvic Limb Flashcards
tear of the Gastrocnemius presents as…
dog walking on tips of its toes
tear of Gastrocnemius and SDF
hock drops to the floor
Coxofemoral Joint
- hip
- ball and socket joint
- acetabular ligament deepened by acetabular lip
transverse acetabular ligament
bridges acetabular notch
ligament of the femoral head
attaches fovea capitus femoris to the acetabular fossa
malformations of coxofemoral joint
occur via genetic predisposition, vascular or nutritional disturbances
hip dysplasia
- can lead to osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease
- femoral head osteotomy: removal of femoral head(s)
Stifle Joint
-3 sacs/compartments
-all 3 communicate with each other:
femorotibial joint sacs (2)-between femoral and tibial condyle
femoropatellar joint-between patella and femur
ligaments of the canine stifle
- meniscus: medial and lateral
- femoropatellar: medial and lateral
- meniscotibial: cranial and caudal
- transverse
- meniscofemoral
- femorotibial
- collateral: medal and lateral
- cruciate: cranial and caudal
collateral ligaments
- medial and lateral
- prevent abduction, adduction, and rotation
- medial more prone to tear than lateral
patellar luxation
medial more common, small breeds usually affected
cranial cruciate
- keeps tibial sliding cranially, with respect to femur
- limits medial rotation of the tibia when stifle is flexed
- rupture: TPLO, TTA (tibial tuberosity advancement), Lateral Suture Stabilization LSS
- straighter angle of tarsus indicates increased risk of tearing CRCL
tarsal ligaments
- collateral: medial and lateral
- plantar ligaments
pelvic canal
region between pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet that imparts protection to viscera of the reproductive, urinary, and digestive systems
pelvic inlet
- lateral and ventral boundary: arcuate line of the ilium
- dorsal boundary: promontory of the sacrum
pelvic outlet
- ventral boundary: ischiatic arch
- mid-dorsal boundary: 1st caudal vertebrae
- lateral boundary: sacrotuberous ligament, superficial gluteal muscles, muscles of pelvic diaphram
fascial planes
- (throracolumbar) fascia of the trunk
- gluteal fascia
- (fascia lata) femoral fascia
- crural/tarsal fascia
femoral triangle
palpable region on the proximal and medial aspect of the pelvic limb where the femoral artery, vein, and nerve are located
-borders: base-abdominal wall and inguinal ligament, cranial-caudal belly of sartorius muscle, caudal-pectineus muscle
vascular lacuna
opening in the abdominal wall for the passage of the femoral vessels and nerve to/from the abdomen and pelvic limb
-located between the inguinal ligament and the pelvis
