Small animal - anticholenergics

Question 1

what are the 2 anticholenergics used in SA?

Answer 1

• atropine

- glycopyrrolate

Question 2

atropine IV dose for emergency use

Answer 2

0.02-0.04 mg/kg

Question 3

MOA of anticholinergic

Answer 3

It inhibits the effects of vagal stimulation, thus increases heart rate.

Question 4

Advantages of atropine

Answer 4

1. increased heart rate
2. reduces salivation and resp secretions
3. onset of action = 10-15mins (SQ, IM)
4. DOA = 1 hour

Question 5

disadvantages of atropine

Answer 5

1. tachycardia
2. low dose given can exacerbate 2 degree AV block (Tx = more atropine)
3. endoscopic exam = can cause spasm of pyloric sphincter of stomach in DOGS

Question 6

advantages of glycopyrrolate

Answer 6

1. similar to atropine
2. DOA 4 hours
3. does NOT cross BBB
4. less likely to cause tachycardia

Question 7

disadvantages of glycopyrrolate

Answer 7

1. long DOA

2. avoid SQ route - absorption can be variable and prolonged