SLR22 TCPIP and protocols Flashcards
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol stack
“The most common general-purpose standard protocol that allows any networked computers (including those on the internet) to communicate with each other whatever their equipment.”
Application layer
“Contains the communications protocols and interface methods used in process-to-process communications across an Internet Protocol (IP) computer network.”
Transport layer
“Contains the host-to-host communication service protocols for applications.”
Network layer
“Contains the protocols responsible for packet forwarding including routing through intermediate routers.”
Link layer
“Contains the protocols which move packets between the Internet layer interfaces of two different hosts on the same link. The lowest component layer of the Internet protocols, as TCP/IP is designed to be hardware independent. As a result, TCP/IP may be implemented on top of virtually any hardware networking technology.”
Media Access Control
“A unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications at the data link layer of a network segment. MAC addresses are used as a network address for most network technologies, including Ethernet and Wi-Fi.”
File Transfer Protocol
“A standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network.”
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
“The foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web. Hypertext is structured text that uses logical links (hyperlinks) between nodes containing text.”
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
“The use of Secure Socket Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) as a sublayer under regular HTTP application layering. HTTPS encrypts and decrypts user page requests as well as the pages that are returned by the web server.”
Post Office Protocol 3
“The most recent version of a standard protocol for receiving email. POP3 is a client/server protocol in which email is received and held for you by your internet server.”
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
“An internet standard for electronic mail (email) transmission.”
SSH
Secure Shell: “A network protocol that provides administrators with a secure way to access a remote computer. SSH also refers to the suite of utilities that implement the protocol.”
Email server
“A computer system that sends and receives email. Mail servers send and receive email using standard email protocols. For example, the SMTP protocol sends messages and handles outgoing mail requests.”
Web server
“A program that uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) to serve the files that form Web pages to users, in response to their requests, which are forwarded by their computers’ HTTP clients. Dedicated computers and appliances may be referred to as web servers as well.”
Subnets
“An identifiably separate part of an organisation’s network. Typically, a subnet may represent all the machines at one geographic location, in one building, or on the same local area network (LAN).”
Subnet mask
“A number that defines a range of IP addresses that can be used in a network.”
IPv4
“The fourth revision of the IP and a widely used protocol in data communication over different kinds of networks.”
IPv6
“Most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet.”
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
“A network protocol that enables a server to automatically assign an IP address to a computer from a defined range of numbers (i.e., a scope) configured for a given network.”
Network Address Translation
“A method of remapping one IP address space into another by modifying network address information in Internet Protocol (IP) datagram packet headers while they are in transit across a traffic routing device.”
Port forwarding
“The application of network address translation (NAT) that redirects a communication request from one address and port number combination to another while the packets are traversing a network gateway, such as a router or firewall.”
