SLR 05 - Application Generation

Question 1

What is Hardware?

Answer 1

The Physical parts of a system and related devices

Question 2

What is Software?

Answer 2

The general term for all programs on a device

Question 3

What are systems software examples?

Answer 3

Windows
Linux
Mac OS
IOS

Question 4

What are examples of utility software?

Answer 4

Anti-Virus
Defragmentation
Backup
Compression
Firewalls

Question 5

What are examples of applications?

Answer 5

Presentation
Word Processor
Spreadsheets
Communicaton
Apps
Multimedia
Editing

Question 6

What is utility software designed to do?

Answer 6

Keep your coomputer safe and running

Question 7

What are the types of backups?

Answer 7

Full or incremental backup systems

Question 8

What is defragmentation software?

Answer 8

It reorganises files to reduce the movement of the read/write head on the HDD

Question 9

What are the features of open source software?

Answer 9

Users can modify and distribute the software
It can be installed on any number of devices
It has community support
Users can access it’s source code
It may not be fully tested

Question 10

What are the benefits and detriments for users with open source software

Answer 10

Software is free
It has poor support and it may not be well tested

Question 11

What are the benefits and detriments for Developers with open source software

Answer 11

Software has better outreach
It has little financial gain

Question 12

What are the features of closed source software

Answer 12

Its protected by the CDPA
No user modifications are allowed
It must be paid for and licsenced per user per device
It has developer support
It’s tested prior to release

Question 13

What are the benefits and detriments for users with Closed source software

Answer 13

It is well supported
It is costly

Question 14

What are the benefits and detriments for developers with Closed source software

Answer 14

They have financial gain from the product
They may have issues with piracy

Question 15

In what type of code do programmers write?

Answer 15

Source Code

Question 17

Why is source code used?

Answer 17

It is easy to understand, maintain and debug

Question 18

What software translates source code into machine code?

Answer 18

Interpreter or Compiler

Question 19

What software translates assembly code into machine code?

Answer 19

Assembler

Question 20

What is the problem with compilers?

Answer 20

If code has an error the program won’t run

Question 21

What is a library in programming?

Answer 21

Read-compiled programs that run as needed

Question 22

What is a Dynamic Link Library

Answer 22

Is a set of subroutines to execute common windows tasks

Question 23

What are the benefits of DLLs?

Answer 23

They’re quick and easy to use
They’re pretested so lack errors
They’re precompiled and therefore run quickly

Question 24

What are the drawbacks of DLLs?

Answer 24

They’re hard to tailor to specific tasks
You must hope developers continue maintenance

Question 25

What do linkers do?

Answer 25

They place the right address for code to return instructions from libraries

Question 26

What are the methods for linkers?

Answer 26

Static linking or Dynamic

Question 27

How does static linking work?

Answer 27

All required libraries are stored in the executable file, resulting in large files

Question 28

How does dynamic linking work?

Answer 28

Libraries are stored on devices, the OS links code from the library at run-time

Question 29

What are loaders?

Answer 29

It’s a part of the OS that loads executable files into memory, this includes libraries when using dynamic linking

Question 30

What are the stages of compilation?

Answer 30

1. Lexical Analysis
2. Syntax Analysis
3. Code Generation
4. Code Optimisation

Question 31

What happens during Lexical Analysis?

Answer 31

The code is scanned letter by letter, for every white space it decides a lexeme is complete
It checks that the lexeme is valid and turns it into a token
Tokens are inserted into a symbol table

Question 32

What does Lexical Analysis remove?

Answer 32

White spaces and comments

Question 33

What happens during Syntax Analysis?

Answer 33

Tokens are recieved as inputs
It checks the source code is in correct syntax
This checks and reports errors
It compiles line by line

Question 34

What happens during Code Generation and Optimisation?

Answer 34

Machine Code is generated
It removes redundant instructions, subroutines and variables