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Oral Pathology > Slivary Gland Diseases > Flashcards

Slivary Gland Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Duct of parotid gland its opening and its secretion

A

open in opposite to 1st & 2nd maxillary molars and its secretion is serous watery with more protein .

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2
Q

Duct of sub mandibular gland its opening and its secretion

A

open at lingual frenum its secretion is mixed .

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3
Q

Duct of sublingual gland its opening and its secretion

A

open at the floor of the mouth its secretion is more viscus & more carbs

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4
Q

Why calculus formation is more common in sublingual area !?

A

Because saliva is mucous and it is highly viscus

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5
Q

Minor salivary glands are distributed in all oral cavity except ?

A

Anterior part of hard palate & gingiva

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6
Q

What is the difference between exocrine & endocrine glands ?

A

Exocrine : secretion by duct in cavity
Endocrine : secretion in blood directly & also it is ductless

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7
Q

Congenital abnormalities Salivary glands

A

Aplasia , atresia & aberrancy

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8
Q

Congenital complete absence of one or more salivary glands leads to xerostomia

A

Aplasia

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9
Q

Congenital absence or occlusion of one or more ducts of the major salivary glands

A

Atresia

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10
Q

Normal secreting salivary gland tissue develop an abnormal anatomical position

A

Aberrancy / stafne’s bone defect

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11
Q

Normal salivary flow is ?

A

500-1500 ml/day or 0.5 - 1,5 L / day

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12
Q

Excessive salivation is known as ?

A

Sialorrhea - ptyalism

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13
Q

Causes of sialorrhea ?

A

In adequate swallowing , Teething , Large tongue , Drugs : iodides Metal toxic action leads to poisoning

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14
Q

Clinical manifestation of metal intoxication in sialorrhea ?

A

Excessive salivation
Metallic taste

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15
Q

Dryness of the mouth due to decrease in saliva flow

A

Xerostomia

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16
Q

Physiologic factors of xerostomia

A

Excessive speaking , During sleep
Senile atrophy of S.G , Excessive sweating , Fear or depression

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17
Q

Pathologic factors of xerostomia

A

Endocrina disturbance D.M , Chemotherapy , Radio therapies , Diuretic & non steroidal anti inflammatory , Beta blockers , Antihypoglacemic , Antihypertensive, Antihistamine , Antidepressants , Anticholinergics

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18
Q

Local factors related to S.G of xerostomia

A

SS or MS
Mumps
Calculi
Aplasia or atrasia

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19
Q

Factors related to oral cavity of xerostomia

A

Smocking
Mouth breathing

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20
Q

Types of xerostomia

A

Mild
Moderate
Severe

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21
Q

Clinical significance of xerostomia

A

Difficult in swallowing , eating , speaking , and denture waring
Rampant caries , Gingivitis , periodontist , glossitis and bone loss

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22
Q

Treatment of xerostomia

A

Remove the etiological factors

23
Q

An acute contagious viral infection transmitted by droplet infection

A

Mumps/ acute epidemic parotitis

24
Q

Aetiology of mumps / acute epidemic parotitis

A

Paramyxvirus is RNA virus

25
Q

Clinical features of mumps / acute epidemic parotitis

A

2-3 weeks of period 5-15 of age unilateral 30% & bilateral 70% , painful large swelling in shape has a sudden onset elevate the ear swelling & redness

26
Q

Complication of Mumps / acute epidemic parotitis

A

Orchitis
Ophoritis
Deafness
Meningitis
encephalitis
Pancreatitis
myocarditis

27
Q

Treatment of mumps / acute epidemic parotitis

A

Bed rest
General supportive therapy
Oral hygiene

28
Q

A member of herpes group DNA virus uncommon infection by cytomegalovirus

A

Cytomegalovirus inclusion disease

29
Q

CMV inclusion disease infect new born by ?

A

Trans placental which lead to born dead or mental retardation

30
Q

CMV inclusion disease infect adults in case of ?

A

Immunocompromised patients
AIDS
ORGAN transplant
Immune suppression by drug therapy
Lymphoma & leukaemia

Diseases of CMV in oral cavity
Infection of salivary glands
Kaposi’s sarcoma in AIDS patients

31
Q

It is an ascending or retrograde postoperative infection in debilitated dehydrated patient as a result of xerostomia which lead to spreading micro organism thrue duct in ascending pathway

A

Acute postoperative parotitis / surgical mumps

32
Q

Treatment of surgical mumps / acute postoperative parotitis

A

Antibiotics

33
Q

It is a non specific inflammatory disease of major salivary gland as a result of recurrent infection

A

Chronic non specific sialoadenititis

34
Q

Aetiology of chronic non specific sialoadenititis ?

A

Duct calculi with pyogenic bacterial infection
Duct obstruction by tumours or scar formation or foreign body

35
Q

The most commonly affected gland by chronic non specific sialoadenititis is sub mandibular gland …. Why ?

A

It has a long and tortuos duct with a highly viscosity secretion and affecting of gravity

36
Q

Clinical features of chronic non specific sialo adenititis

A

Unilateral obstrucción

37
Q

obstructed salivary gland duct by calculi

A

Sialolithiasis / salivary duct stone or calculus

38
Q

Sialolithiasis attack 70% to 90% of submandibular gland why ?

A

It has a long and tortuos duct with a highly viscosity secretion and affecting of gravity

39
Q

Diagnosis of sialolithiesis

A

Manually by fingers
Sialography using radio graph materia
Xray calculi appear as radioopaque mass or masses - occlusal x ray .

40
Q

Aetiology of Necrotizing sialometaplasia

A

Local ischemia by local anaesthesia

41
Q

Clinical features of Necrotizing sialometaplasia

A

40s & 50s in age males more than females at plate , buccal mucosa & lips slowly growing in duration painless - there is no signs & symptoms . In early stage there is soft tissue swelling & late stage there is ulcer in the form of crater like ulcer

42
Q

Clinical picture of ulceration in Necrotizing sialomeplasia

A

Painless , slowly growing & fixed filled with Necrotizing tissue

43
Q

D/D of Necrotizing sialometaplasia ?

A

Malignant ulcer

44
Q

Duration of healing in Necrotizing sialometaplasia

A

Within 3 weeks

45
Q

It is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder of benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion characterized by lymphocytic infiltration replaced the location of acinar destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands.

A

SJogren’s syndrome

46
Q

Types of sjogren’s syndrome

A

• Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome
Dry eye and dry mouth
• Secondary Sjogren’s Syndrome
Dry eye, dry mouth and one or more autoimmune diseases such as (conntecive tissue diseases )…Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and primary biliary cirrhosis.

47
Q

Aetiology of Sjogren’s syndrome

A

✓ It is unknown
➢ Recently;حديثا
✓ Viral infection
o Cytomegalovirus( CMV )
o Epitine Barr Virus (EBV )
o Retroviruses as Human Immunodiffciency Virus ( HIV)
✓ Autoimmune diseases …as …formation of Autoantibodies against self- antigen (glandular tissues )……… Increasing Rheumatoid Factors and Antisalivary Duct Antibodies .

48
Q

Clinical Features of Sjogren syndrome

A

Age:-50 years Sex:- Females >Males =9 to 1
• Sites; Bilateral swelling of salivary glands and lacremial glands & spreading to include all exocrine glands
• Signs and Symptoms :-,painless swelling is associated with xerostomia and xerophthalmia. Duration; slowly growing
• Shape; soft tissue swellings Consistency; firm swellings
• Nature of swelling; diffuse, firm enlargement of the major salivary glands is associated with xerostomia and xerophthalmia in the Primary Sjogren’s syndrome, but it is associated with connective tissue diseases in secondray Sjogren’s syndrome.
• It involves all minor salivary glands latter on
• Xerophthalmia:- Dry of the eye….Conjunctivitis and Burning Sensation
• Sjogren’s syndrome is a systemic disease and inflammatory process e.g. dry nasal, dry skin and vaginal tissues نسيج مخاطي

49
Q

Laboratory Investigations

A

1 Schemers test
هيا رقائق ورقية مرقمة لقياس كمية الدموع
2 Rose bengal dye test
اختبار الصبغة كان صبغة تشير لجفاف العين
3 Lashley Cup
4 Sialography :- By injection radiopaque material within gland and taking X-Ray …in SS… It appears as Appearance or Branchless Tree Appearance.

50
Q

It is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disorder of benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion characterized by lymphocytic infiltration replaced the location of acinar destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands. ( Associated with tuberculosis )

A

Mikulicz’s Syndrome

51
Q

It is a glandular epithelial cyst commonly occurred in the minor SGs

A

Mucocele

52
Q

Site of mucocele

A

Site:-lower(upper )lip is common site

53
Q

It is a clinical term used to describe a clinical swelling of the floor of the mouth which resembles a Frog’s Belly

A

Ranula

54
Q

Site of ranula

A

Site:-floor of mouth

Oral Pathology (6 decks)

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