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Slivary Gland Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Duct of parotid gland its opening and its secretion

A

open in opposite to 1st & 2nd maxillary molars and its secretion is serous watery with more protein .

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2
Q

Duct of sub mandibular gland its opening and its secretion

A

open at lingual frenum its secretion is mixed .

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3
Q

Duct of sublingual gland its opening and its secretion

A

open at the floor of the mouth its secretion is more viscus & more carbs

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4
Q

Why calculus formation is more common in sublingual area !?

A

Because saliva is mucous and it is highly viscus

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5
Q

Minor salivary glands are distributed in all oral cavity except ?

A

Anterior part of hard palate & gingiva

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6
Q

What is the difference between exocrine & endocrine glands ?

A

Exocrine : secretion by duct in cavity
Endocrine : secretion in blood directly & also it is ductless

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7
Q

Congenital abnormalities Salivary glands

A

Aplasia , atresia & aberrancy

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8
Q

Congenital complete absence of one or more salivary glands leads to xerostomia

A

Aplasia

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9
Q

Congenital absence or occlusion of one or more ducts of the major salivary glands

A

Atresia

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10
Q

Normal secreting salivary gland tissue develop an abnormal anatomical position

A

Aberrancy / stafne’s bone defect

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11
Q

Normal salivary flow is ?

A

500-1500 ml/day or 0.5 - 1,5 L / day

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12
Q

Excessive salivation is known as ?

A

Sialorrhea - ptyalism

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13
Q

Causes of sialorrhea ?

A

In adequate swallowing , Teething , Large tongue , Drugs : iodides Metal toxic action leads to poisoning

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14
Q

Clinical manifestation of metal intoxication in sialorrhea ?

A

Excessive salivation
Metallic taste

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15
Q

Dryness of the mouth due to decrease in saliva flow

A

Xerostomia

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16
Q

Physiologic factors of xerostomia

A

Excessive speaking , During sleep
Senile atrophy of S.G , Excessive sweating , Fear or depression

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17
Q

Pathologic factors of xerostomia

A

Endocrina disturbance D.M , Chemotherapy , Radio therapies , Diuretic & non steroidal anti inflammatory , Beta blockers , Antihypoglacemic , Antihypertensive, Antihistamine , Antidepressants , Anticholinergics

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18
Q

Local factors related to S.G of xerostomia

A

SS or MS
Mumps
Calculi
Aplasia or atrasia

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19
Q

Factors related to oral cavity of xerostomia

A

Smocking
Mouth breathing

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20
Q

Types of xerostomia

A

Mild
Moderate
Severe

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21
Q

Clinical significance of xerostomia

A

Difficult in swallowing , eating , speaking , and denture waring
Rampant caries , Gingivitis , periodontist , glossitis and bone loss

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22
Q

Treatment of xerostomia

A

Remove the etiological factors

23
Q

An acute contagious viral infection transmitted by droplet infection

A

Mumps/ acute epidemic parotitis

24
Q

Aetiology of mumps / acute epidemic parotitis

A

Paramyxvirus is RNA virus

25
Clinical features of mumps / acute epidemic parotitis
2-3 weeks of period 5-15 of age unilateral 30% & bilateral 70% , painful large swelling in shape has a sudden onset elevate the ear swelling & redness
26
Complication of Mumps / acute epidemic parotitis
Orchitis Ophoritis Deafness Meningitis encephalitis Pancreatitis myocarditis
27
Treatment of mumps / acute epidemic parotitis
Bed rest General supportive therapy Oral hygiene
28
A member of herpes group DNA virus uncommon infection by cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus inclusion disease
29
CMV inclusion disease infect new born by ?
Trans placental which lead to born dead or mental retardation
30
CMV inclusion disease infect adults in case of ?
Immunocompromised patients AIDS ORGAN transplant Immune suppression by drug therapy Lymphoma & leukaemia Diseases of CMV in oral cavity Infection of salivary glands Kaposi’s sarcoma in AIDS patients
31
It is an ascending or retrograde postoperative infection in debilitated dehydrated patient as a result of xerostomia which lead to spreading micro organism thrue duct in ascending pathway
Acute postoperative parotitis / surgical mumps
32
Treatment of surgical mumps / acute postoperative parotitis
Antibiotics
33
It is a non specific inflammatory disease of major salivary gland as a result of recurrent infection
Chronic non specific sialoadenititis
34
Aetiology of chronic non specific sialoadenititis ?
Duct calculi with pyogenic bacterial infection Duct obstruction by tumours or scar formation or foreign body
35
The most commonly affected gland by chronic non specific sialoadenititis is sub mandibular gland …. Why ?
It has a long and tortuos duct with a highly viscosity secretion and affecting of gravity
36
Clinical features of chronic non specific sialo adenititis
Unilateral obstrucción
37
obstructed salivary gland duct by calculi
Sialolithiasis / salivary duct stone or calculus
38
Sialolithiasis attack 70% to 90% of submandibular gland why ?
It has a long and tortuos duct with a highly viscosity secretion and affecting of gravity
39
Diagnosis of sialolithiesis
Manually by fingers Sialography using radio graph materia Xray calculi appear as radioopaque mass or masses - occlusal x ray .
40
Aetiology of Necrotizing sialometaplasia
Local ischemia by local anaesthesia
41
Clinical features of Necrotizing sialometaplasia
40s & 50s in age males more than females at plate , buccal mucosa & lips slowly growing in duration painless - there is no signs & symptoms . In early stage there is soft tissue swelling & late stage there is ulcer in the form of crater like ulcer
42
Clinical picture of ulceration in Necrotizing sialomeplasia
Painless , slowly growing & fixed filled with Necrotizing tissue
43
D/D of Necrotizing sialometaplasia ?
Malignant ulcer
44
Duration of healing in Necrotizing sialometaplasia
Within 3 weeks
45
It is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder of benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion  characterized by lymphocytic infiltration replaced the location of acinar destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands.
SJogren’s syndrome
46
Types of sjogren’s syndrome
• Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome Dry eye and dry mouth • Secondary Sjogren’s Syndrome Dry eye, dry mouth and one or more autoimmune diseases such as (conntecive tissue diseases )…Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus  erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and primary biliary cirrhosis.
47
Aetiology of Sjogren’s syndrome
✓ It is unknown ➢ Recently;حديثا ✓ Viral infection o Cytomegalovirus( CMV ) o Epitine Barr Virus (EBV ) o Retroviruses as Human Immunodiffciency Virus ( HIV) ✓ Autoimmune diseases …as …formation of Autoantibodies against self- antigen (glandular tissues )……… Increasing Rheumatoid Factors and Antisalivary Duct Antibodies .
48
Clinical Features of Sjogren syndrome
Age:-50 years   Sex:-  Females >Males =9 to 1 • Sites; Bilateral swelling of salivary glands and lacremial glands & spreading to include all exocrine glands   • Signs and Symptoms :-,painless swelling is associated with xerostomia and xerophthalmia.   Duration; slowly growing • Shape; soft tissue swellings   Consistency; firm swellings • Nature of swelling; diffuse, firm enlargement  of the major salivary glands is associated with xerostomia and xerophthalmia in the Primary Sjogren’s syndrome, but it is associated with connective tissue diseases  in secondray Sjogren’s syndrome.  • It involves   all minor salivary glands latter on • Xerophthalmia:- Dry of the eye….Conjunctivitis and Burning Sensation                     • Sjogren’s syndrome is a systemic disease and inflammatory process e.g. dry nasal, dry skin and vaginal tissues نسيج مخاطي
49
Laboratory Investigations
1 Schemers test هيا رقائق ورقية مرقمة لقياس كمية الدموع 2 Rose bengal dye test اختبار الصبغة كان صبغة تشير لجفاف العين 3 Lashley Cup 4 Sialography :- By injection radiopaque material within gland and taking X-Ray …in  SS… It appears as Appearance or Branchless Tree Appearance.
50
It is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disorder of benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion characterized by lymphocytic infiltration replaced the location of acinar destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands. ( Associated with tuberculosis )
Mikulicz’s Syndrome
51
It is a glandular epithelial cyst commonly occurred in the minor SGs
Mucocele
52
Site of mucocele
Site:-lower(upper )lip is common site
53
It is a clinical term used to describe a clinical swelling of the floor of the mouth which resembles a Frog’s Belly
Ranula
54
Site of ranula
Site:-floor of mouth

Oral Pathology (6 decks)

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