Slides

Question 1

five key attributes distinguishing media

Answer 1

• fidelity: how much it resembles to reality
• privacy: how much anonymity
• channel: audio, visual
• interactivity (TV vs. facebook)
• content (how the channel interacts with the content)

Question 2

definition media psychology

Answer 2

media psychology is the scientific study of human behavior, thoughts, and feelings experienced in the context of media use and creation

Question 3

LC4MP is based on three stages of information processing

Answer 3

• encoding: selecting information
• storage: creating long term representation
• retrieval: memory

Question 4

cognitive capacity

Answer 4

the total amount of information the brain is capable of taking at a given moment

Question 5

learning

Answer 5

a relatively permanent change in the system due to information processing

Question 6

media selection

Answer 6

a goal-oriented decision process through which people select from or avoid certain media or content

Question 7

different stages of adoption

Answer 7

• knowledge: je hoort het voor het eerst
• persuasion: je komt er mee in aanraking
• decision: je koopt het
• implementation: gebruik in dagelijkse leven
• confirmation: overtuiging van goede aankoop

Question 8

different stages of domestication

Answer 8

• appropriation: motivatie om te kopen
• objectification: wat betekent product voor mij
• incorporation: interactie met product
• conversion: product wordt gebruikt voor bedachte doel

Question 9

cognitive dissonance

Answer 9

inconsistency between behavior and attitudes leads to cognitive dissonance

Question 10

confirmation bias

Answer 10

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one’s prior beliefs or values

Question 11

two core hypotheses of MMT

Answer 11

• valence hypothesis: people strive for positive mood
• arousal hypothesis: people strive for arousal-balance

Question 12

content moderators in MMT

Answer 12

• hedonic valence
• semantic affinity (nothing should remind of the original bad mood)
• absorption potential (capability to block previous mood)
• excitatory potential (dynamics, erotic content)

Question 13

four steps of planned media use

Answer 13

• intention
• implementation intention
• monitoring and shielding of action plan
• investment of effort

Question 14

depletion

Answer 14

lack of motivation and resources to execute self-control

Question 15

recognition heuristic

Answer 15

take the recognized alternative, when all alternatives are seen

Question 16

fluency heuristic

Answer 16

take the more quickly recognized alternative

Question 17

take-the-best

Answer 17

compare the aspects and stop once an aspect is found that differs between the two, take the alternative with favorable aspect

Question 18

media habit

Answer 18

form of automaticity in media consumption that develops as people repeat media consumption behavior in stable circumstances

Question 19

three ways of measuring emotions

Answer 19

• behavior
• physiology
• feeling

Question 20

emotion

Answer 20

a (sub) conscious evaluative response to some event. A powerful and clear unified feeling state, such as anger or joy, guilt, shame

Question 21

mood

Answer 21

a feeling state that is not clearly linked to some event

Question 22

affect

Answer 22

a quick (automatic) response that something is good or bad, liked or disliked

Question 23

emotional depictions in the media have 4 potential functions

Answer 23

1. socialization of emotional responses
2. cope with negative emotions
3. benefits of more positive mental states
4. formation of more cohesive social relationships

Question 24

phenomenological truth

Answer 24

if i feel, it must be real

Question 25

perceived media realism

Answer 25

the way media content is perceived by the audience to relate to the real world

Question 26

two conceptualizations in perceived realism

Answer 26

- factuality: accurate portrayal of the real world - real-world similarity: can be found in the real world

Question 27

corrugator

Answer 27

frowning muscle

Question 28

zygomatic

Answer 28

smiling muscle

Question 29

fMRI: functional magnetic resonance imaging

Answer 29

brain imaging based on strong magnetic fields to generate images of internal organs and structures

Question 30

EEG: electro-encephalogram

Answer 30

brain imaging based on electrical activity of neurons at the brain's surface

Question 31

cardiovascular activity

Answer 31

by measuring the heart rate and blood pressure we can see the mental resources allocated to information processing

Question 32

electromyography

Answer 32

facial muscle activity

Question 33

EDA: electrodermal activity

Answer 33

measures changes in electrical conductance of the skin related to autonomic activation (sweating)

Question 34

neuro-chemical activity

Answer 34

measures the level and fluctuations of hormones and neurotransmitters associated with mental activity

Question 35

aggressive behavior

Answer 35

behavior aimed at causing harm or pain, psychological harm or personal injury or physical destruction

Question 36

desensitization

Answer 36

a reduction in emotion-related physiological reactivity to violence

Question 37

comorbidity

Answer 37

what other disorders tend to co-occur with a given disorder

Question 38

forms of maladaptive coping

Answer 38

- denial: refusing to believe it has happened - substance use: using alcohol to feel better - behavioral disengagement: giving up trying to deal with it

Question 39

morality

Answer 39

beliefs about the rightness or wrongness of behavior and actions

Question 40

health

Answer 40

a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 41

three basic human needs according to the self-determination theory

Answer 41

- autonomy: control - competence: challenge and feelings of mastery - relatedness: maintaining close and meaningful relationships

Question 42

hedonic motivations

Answer 42

enjoyment, amusement, fun thrill

Question 43

eudaimonic motivations

Answer 43

appreciation, deeper meaning, being moved, inspired, sensing beauty

Question 44

flow

Answer 44

state of profound task-absorption, cognitive efficiency, and intrinsic enjoyment that makes a person feel one with the activity in which s/he is involved