cadc

Question 1

phonetics

Answer 1

Sounds that people use in language

Question 2

phonology

Answer 2

systems of sounds in particular languages

Question 3

morphology

Answer 3

how words are formed

Question 4

syntax

Answer 4

how sentences are formed from words

Question 5

semantics

Answer 5

what sentences mean

Question 6

pragmatics

Answer 6

how language is used in context

Question 7

tokenization

Answer 7

taking an input and a token type and splitting the input into pieces that correspond to the type

Question 8

sparsity

Answer 8

when data contains a lot of zeros

Question 9

accuracy

Answer 9

share of correct classifications overall

Question 10

precision

Answer 10

probability of a positively coded document is relevant

Question 11

recall

Answer 11

probability that a relevant document is coded positively

Question 12

F1-Score

Answer 12

mean between precision and recall

Question 13

supervised

Answer 13

have labeled data, train algorithm, teach algorithm and use on new data

Question 14

unsupervised

Answer 14

let the algorithm figure out the labels and everything

Question 15

independent variables

Answer 15

input features

Question 16

dependent variables

Answer 16

output class

Question 17

overfitting

Answer 17

that an algorithm can predict a training data perfectly, but does not generalize to new data

Question 18

computational social science

Answer 18

field of social science that uses algorithmic tools and large/unstructured data to understand human and social behavior

Question 19

text analysis

Answer 19

a research technique for making replicable and valid inferences from texts (or other meaningful matter) to the contexts of their use

Question 20

feature creation

Answer 20

breaking down text into the features that we want to analyze

Question 21

feature transformation

Answer 21

involves text cleaning such as stopword removal

Question 22

feature selection

Answer 22

frequency trimming

Question 23

creation of structured data

Answer 23

e.g., a document-feature matrix (DTM)