Slide one- Substance abuse Flashcards
What is consciousness-altering drugs
Change a person’s mental state and can lead to serious health risks
Ex. Alcohol, marijuana, coke and herion
What are examples of consciousness-altering drugs
cocaine, alcohol, herion, weed
What are psychoactive drugs
, when taken in or administered into one’s system, affect mental processes [memory, thinking and reasoning]
Ex. Perception, consciousness, cognition or mood and emotions
Ex. Caffeine, weed, alcohol
What is moral panic
Definied as being any popular controvery or dispute that provokes feelings and fears so intense they threaten the social order
pedophiles
What does moral panic reveal
It reveals aggravate social tensions that are hard to resolve because the usual subject matter is taboo
What are the two things that defines the relationship between drugs and deviant behaviour
socio-cultural and biochemical factors
- Socio-cultural
* Bonding experience
* Relief from stress
* Sense of community
* Allur of Rebelling
2.Biochemical
* Genetics
* Stage of Development
* Gender/ ethnicity
How is intoxicated behaviour learned
Behaviour after intoxication is a learned behaviour
Through cultural - some culture accepts alcohol
Where and when are you most likely to consume drugs
In the presence of others [encourages]
Who describe the importance of how someone should first consume to marijuanna to fully appreciate it
Howard Becker
What were the steps to properly appreciate marijuana
- The drug must be made available
*A knowledgeable person must teach the newcomer how to properly use the drug
- Knowledgeable person must explain how to detect and appreciateits physical effects
What is drinking likely to promote
drinking is more or less likely to promote violence, depending on situational characteristics
What are men most likely to misjudge when it comes to drinking
Men who drink in all-male environments are more likely to misjudge how much they have consumed, to get into fistfights, and to misjudge the criteria of problem drinking
What are some factors that affect of the usage of alcohol
gender, class, and race to produce deviant behaviour
How can parents affect your relationship with alcohol
exposure to substance abuse in childhood can lead to abuse in childhood as imitation of parents’ behaviour , reaction to childhood abuse, or to cope
When (age)are people most likely to first try drugs, tobacco, or alcohol
Most people try their first during during their teens years
Experimenting with legal and illegal drugs is usually seen as ‘just a phase’ of teenage development
What is pseudo-adulthood
maturity age [between 6-12 y/o]
Beginning with the entry into school and ending in the advent of puberty
What were the pre-modern attitudes of durg and alcohol abuse
Were more accepting of male children using alcohol
- A shortage of jobs kept boys from working like men, leading to boys no longer being treated like men
What did the access of alcohol for young children follow by
changing of drinking into an essentially recreational activity, done outside the home
Introduction of stronger alcoholic beerages
Was pre modern thought about women drinking alcohol the same for men
with children, drinking became less acceptable for women due to sharp declines in real wages and the rise of ‘womenly virtue’
What is Expressive religions
Which have elaborate rituals and artificats
Drugs have been more widely used by members of _____
expressive religion
Drugs are LESS often used in _____
Repressive rel igions
What is repressive religions
Which rejects elaborate rituals and call for simplicity and modesty
How has the mass medica boost circulation
By raising fears about excessive drug use
Who is William Randolph Hears “marihuana”
renamed ‘marihuana’ as marujuana
What is one reason why people smoke
Because harmful effects are slow to show themselves
Women are almost as _____ as man to smoke
[all the time, likely, never, very little]
likely
How do people view drug addiction now then back in history
instead of viewing it as moral, they become more willing to support treatment and harm reduction programs
What type of substance is nicotine
it is a psychoactive substance that leads to many health problems
What is the largest cause of preventable disease and death
cigarette smoking
What is third-hand smoking
smoking particles that linger once second hand smoke has cleared [still harmful]
How much of our lives do we lose when we smoke
males and females lose an average 13.2 and 14.5 years of life
What is binge drinking
drinking far in ecess
What is deviant drinking
may either be heavy drinking in a moderate-drinking environment or light drinking in a heav-drinking environment
What province has the highest per capita alcohol consumption
Provinces with many single men and Native people have the highest per capita alcohol consumption
What WAS the most widely-used ‘illicit’ [not anymore in Canada] drug in North america
Marijuana
What are the short/long term of effects marijuana
sleepiness, reduced-short term memory, and paranoia
Long-term: Low testosterone and sperm counts for men, increased risk infertility for women, heightened cancer risk
What is a gateway drug, and what do sciestist believe is the gateway drug
It is a drug that leads to ‘harder’ drugs
Marijuanna
What is the oldest drug known to humanity
hallucinogens
How much percentage of canadian uses coacaine
less than 1 percents
How can people push away heroin
There must both be a push away from that culture and a pull towards a new culture
What are deviant service centres
arises as places where one can get the drug, the drug paraphernalia, and the knowledge necessary to a drug use lifestyle
How do functionalist theories view drug and alcohol
They fulfill an important social role
- Drug use contribute to social cohesian, helping to maintain communities of drug users
What is the social disorganization theory, what does it mention
According to social disorganization theory, drug and alcohol abuse increases when institutions that usually use drug use are less effective
What is the theory of anomie
the cause of excessive drinking and other substances abuse lies in the conflict between values and institutions
What are the characteristics of a capitalist society
They make excess drug use neccesary for some, by retreating to drugs or alcohol, they are blamed for their own weakness and failure
How do symbolic interactionist theories view drugs and alcohol
Focuses on the social meanings people associate with alcohol and drug use and the labels they attach to those who use drugs
[stoner, addict, alcoholic]
does someone do more of drugs if there labelled this?
What are symbolic interactionist interested in seeing in deviant behaviours and drug abuse
They want to see what kinds of people are labelled deviant and why
Interested in the process by which society attaches moralistic conceptions to social behaviours [such as drinking]
What is the last stage of of labelling in the eyes of a symbolic interactionist
the last stage is called the medicalization of deviance
Who is Sato, what theory does he fall under and what does he say about the six phases in the medicalization of deviance
- Defnition: Alleged abuse of a drug
- Prospecting: Discovery and interest in the medical community
- Claims making: Increased claims by the medical community that the problem is social
- Legitimacy: Government definition of drug use as a medical problem
5: Institutionalization: Emergence of lawws prohibiting drug
6: Designation: stricter legal prohibition
How do critical theoriest view alcohol and drug abuse
affects socio-economic groups differently
They ask who benefits from drug use and who is harmed
How do feminist few drug and alcohol bause
patriarchy[male dominance]] controls how societies work. Women have more reason to use drugs, as a form of retreat
Women are less likely to become alcholic or drug abusers, they are likely more _____ and ____ when they develop addictions
disturbed and deviant
What are the drug choices for women
mostly prescirbed tranquilizers [treat anxiety out insomnia] and over-the-counter drugs
women are 2x more likely as men to be dependent on prescribed psychoactive medications
How does the history of women’s smoking shows the importance of advertising and social status
After ww2, cigarettes were advertised to women as symbols of sophistication and beauty
How do deviant subcultures thrive
their underground economics survive on the ability to traffic in illegal drugs; rates of drug import and production are relatively low though they have more than doubled since the 1990’s
Effects of smoking
Lifelong abstinence and avoidance of second- and third-hand smoke are the only proven ways to avoid harm from tobacco use
How has the government taken action againse drug offences
They will impose harsher and mandatory sentencing, Quebec government has stated that it will seek to ameliorate or skirt around costly changes mandated in the omnibus crime bill
What does Decriminalization mean
Removing from the Criminal Code laws against marijuana possession and use- that is, eliminating all current penalties
What does legalization mean
Taking state control of the sale of these substances, as well as removing penalties for possession and use
While legalization and decriminalization are both forms of harm reduction, which one is better
Legalization is better because it would erase a criminal drug trade and ensure safe drugs for consumers
what is medicalization of deviance
Process in which conditions and behaviours are labelled and treated as medical issues
Difference of decriminalization and legalization
Decriminalization: non-criminal responses [fines and warnings]
Legalization: Criminal sanctions are removed
