Slide 2 Flashcards
What are attitudes?
A set of evaluative statements, judgements or beliefs concerning objects, people or events
What are the 3 main components of attitudes?
- Cognitive component: the opinion or belief segment of an attitude
- Affective: The emotional or feeling segment of an attitude
- Behavioral: An intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something
Why are attitudes important for managers to watch?
- They signal the internal states/ideology of employees about the attitude toward objects
- They give warning signals of potential problems
- They influence behaviour: bias, stereotypes, bullying
- Can provide clues of the interventions needed in an organization
What are some major common attitudes in the work place?
- Job satisfaction
- Organizational Commitment
- Job Involvement
- Psychological Empowerment
- Perceived Organizational Support
- Employee Engagement
What is job satisfaction?
A pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experiences. Locke (1976)
What are the components of job satisfaction?
- emotional component: feelings regarding the job
- Behavioral component: people’s actions in relation to their work
- Cognitive component: beliefs regarding one’s job
What are the theories of job satisfaction?
- Genetic predisposition theory
- Personality perspective
- Culture
- Intelligence
- Discrepancy Theory
What does the Genetic predisposition theory say?
It states that satisfaction can be inherited proven through twin studies
What is the personality perspective theory of job satisfaction?
This theory suggests that there are some personality and psychological variables that influence employee satisfaction: emotional stability, self-esteem, self-efficacy, internal locus of control
What does the culture theory say about job satisfaction?
Employees from different cultures have varying degrees of satisfaction and this is influenced by cultural expectations, norms, roles and values
What does the intelligence theory say about job satisfaction?
People with high levels of intelligence tend to have lower levels of satisfaction
What does the discrepancy theory say about job satisfaction?
When the needs, values, expectations and realities on the job are inconsistent, it is likely to result in dissatisfaction, decreased commitment and demotivation
What factors affect employee satisfaction?
- employee commitment
- individual predisposition
- Satisfaction with life
- organizational fit
- Perceptions of fairness
- Rewards and incentives
- Coworkers
- Job expectations
- Stressors
What are the effects of Job satisfaction?
- Job performance: if you’re satisfied, you would do the job well
- Turnover: If you’re not happy, you would leave
- absence
- health and well-being
- life satisfaction
What are some measures of job satisfaction?
- Job Descriptive Index
- Job Diagnostic Survey
- Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire
- Faces Scale
At what levels can you measure job satisfaction?
- Global job satisfaction
- Job facet satisfaction
What is under the general job satisfaction?
- work satisfaction
- pay satisfaction
- promotion satisfaction
- supervision satisfaction
- Coworker satisfaction
What is organizational commitment?
The degree to which an employee feels a sense of allegiance to his or her employer
What does Allen and Meyer’s 3-component model entail?
- affective commitment
- continuance commitment
- normative commitment
What is the affective commitment?
This is when employees remain i an organization because they feel they want to
What is the affective commitment?
This is when employees remain i an organization because they feel they want to
What is continuance commitment?
This is a commitment where people remain in an organization because they feel they need to. they feel like leaving would cost them a lot
What is normative commitment?
This is a commitment where employees remain in an organization because they feel they ought to. They feel the current organizational space is where their competencies fall so they have to work there.
What are some antecedents to commitment?
- organizational mechanisms: socialisation, programs for family, newsletters, reward systems.
- individual/ personal factors: age, job level, stress
- social factors: co-worker relationships, participation and social interactions, role variables, supervisory relationships
