Slide 1 - Non-Violent Crime

Question 1

What is included non violent crimes

Answer 1

Organized crimes, business crimes, and street crimes [ automobile theft, prostitution, book-making, ambezzlement

Question 2

Who usually is involved in non-violent crimes

Answer 2

It is often committed by strangers or relative strangers

Question 3

Are rates of non-violent crime higher in urban areas or rural areas

Answer 3

They are much higher in urban areas - more things to steal, and more people to do the stealing

Question 4

What is organized crime

Answer 4

It refers to professional crime that is well organized and sometimes violent

Question 5

What is the most profitable business activities in organized crime [non-violent]

Answer 5

Prostitution, gambling, drugs, and porn

Question 6

What are the two types of business crime

Answer 6

1. Crimes committed by corporations in their own business interest
2. White collar crimes, committed by business people/professionals at the expense of the corporate body within which they work

Question 7

What is business crime also called

Answer 7

Suite crime

Question 8

What is an example of self-interested business crime

Answer 8

Fraud - it misrepresents a product/service, enabling a criminal to sell something of little or no value

Question 9

What are whistle-blowers

Answer 9

People within these organizations who reveal corporate crimes to auditors, the media, and law-enforcement personnel

Question 10

What are street crimes

Answer 10

Street crimes are common crimes that occur in public on on, or around city streets

Question 11

Which of the non-violent crimes is more likely to result in arrest

Answer 11

Street crimes are likely to be arrested then business crimes - because its public - more witnesses

Question 12

What are examples of street crimes

Answer 12

Shoplifting vandalism, break and enter, car theft and robbery

Question 13

What is the criminalization of poverty

Answer 13

It is the process of selective law-making, enforcement, and media coverage that highlights a link between crime and poverty that is promoted as ‘natural’

Question 14

What are the four levels that business crime occurs at

Answer 14

Employees against companies [embezzlement]

Companies against employees [ violation of safety codes]

Companies against customers [ price fixing]

Companies against the public [ environmental abuse]

Question 15

What is a white collar crime

Answer 15

Committed by people in high-statues occupations

Question 16

What is included in the white collar crimes

Answer 16

Insider trading, restraint of trade, price fixing, copyright infringement

Question 17

Who are the most victimized and perpetrators of street crime

Answer 17

Men = more young men in an area are more likely have a higher rate of street crime

Question 18

What is a criminal career

Answer 18

Involves playing multiple social roles, identifying with crime, and making crime part of one’s everyday life

Question 19

what are organized criminals

Answer 19

Professional criminals are criminals who are closely associated with organized crime

Question 20

How does organized crime flourish

Answer 20

Scarcity and inequality

Poverty and prejudice

Lack of equal legal or human-rights protections

Lack of human and cultural capital

Question 21

How are fraudsters able to influence perceptions in social interactions by controlling and regulating information in three ways

Answer 21

1. Ingratiation [show happiness to elicit goodwill]
2. Intimidation [ getting others to obey]
3. Supplication [getting others to be helpful]

Question 22

What are the four types of official denial that corporations use according to Arendt and Cohen

Answer 22

Literal Denial [nothing happening or has happened

2. Interpretive Denial [ What is happening or has happened is really something else
3. Implicatory Denial [ What is happening or has happened is justified as self-defence or some other necessity
4. Passive Denial [Pay no attention to the situation at all]

Question 23

What is the routine activities theory founded by Cohen and Felson - Functionalist

Answer 23

Emphasizes the ‘normality of crime’ of crime in everyday life

Society creates opportunities for crime

Question 24

What are the three components of the routine activities theory

Answer 24

1. The presence of the offender
2. Availability of the victim
3. Absence of a guardian

Question 25

What is the broken windows theory

Answer 25

States that, as signs of social disorganization become more visible, poor communities degenerate into more crime and disorganization is set on motion

Question 26

How does a symbolic interactionist view non-violent crime

Answer 26

Deviance and crime are not direct product of the social structure of face-to-face interactions and personal interpretations

Question 27

How do critical theories view non-violent crimes

Answer 27

Laws are used by dominant social classes to control and punish those beneath them on the social hierarchy

Other factions [being equal, race(like class) has a strong effect on a person’s chance of incarceration

Question 28

How do feminist theories view non-violent crimes

Answer 28

These crime has always been dominated by men

With the increase of women entering professional and managerial roles, the possibility of female business crime has also increased

Question 29

What is social integration

Answer 29

Reduces fear by reducing the proportion of strangers in an area, by making or a larger number of networks and by making everyday routines and lifestyles of others in neighbourhood seem less strange

Question 30

What is the meaning of social integration

Answer 30

That people within a community have ties to one another

Question 31

What has become a very common form of nonviolent crine

Answer 31

Illegal sharing of movie and music files

Question 32

Why is crime decreasing in Canada

Answer 32

Because Canadian are getting older