Sleep Wake Disorders Flashcards
What are the 5 stages in the sleep cycle?
Stage1: transition from wake to sleep (5% of sleep cycle)
- slow eye movement easily woken, dream of falling jolted awake
Stage 2: referred to as loss of environmental awareness (45% of sleep cycle)
- body relaxes and slow heart rate low blood pressure low temperature)
Stage 3 & 4: deep sleep (covers 35% of sleep cycle and recently combined due to similarities)
- biologically restorative process occurs
- when the tissues repairs and immune system strengthens and slow brain activity and its difficult to wake other people (feel disoriented)
REM: paradoxical sleep (covers 25% of sleep cycle)
- increases as night progresses (full body paralysis)
- men require more sleep as they age and REM decreases
- dreams are most vivid in this cycle
- essential for memory, emotional regulation, and learning
What are the components of Insomnia?
Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep or early morning waking (occurs 3 nights per week for 3 months)
What are the component of Hypersomnolence Disorder ?
Sleeping for more than 7 hours a night. Recurrent episodes within the same day. Prolonged episodes in which individuals feel unrefreshed, difficulty waking. (3 nights per week for 3 months)
What are the various factors that contribute to sleep deprivation?
- societal demands ,sleep schedule, medical conditions, technology, and sleep disorders
What are the components of Narcolepsy?
Neurological disorder that affects the brains ability to control sleep-wake cycles. Overwhelming daytime drowsiness. (3 nights per week for 3 months)
Who are most affected by the circadian rhythm sleep wake disorder?
late night workers
What is parasomnias?
children with abnormal behaviors or experiences at night depending on sleep stages (for non rem sleep walking/sleep terrors and for rem: nightmare disorder causing distress, sleep paralysis happening routinely)
What are the specifiers of Narcolepsy?
- cataplexy: excessive laughing or jaw opening
- hypercretin deficiency
- severity levels
What are the components of Obstructive Sleep Apnea?
The upper airway repeatedly becomes blocked or partially blocked during sleep, leading to reduced or absent breathing. (3 nights per week for 3 months)
When does cortisol peak in the sleep cycle?
right before you wake up
What is the relationship between melatonin and cortisol in relation to sleep?
as one increases the other decreases
What are the symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea?
- trouble breathing
- snoring
- 5 instances of trouble breathing per night
What are the components of Central Sleep Apnea?
The brain doesn’t send proper signals to the muscles that control breathing. Breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. ( 3 nights per week for 3 months)
What are the symptoms of Central Sleep Apnea?
- 5 instances of trouble breathing per night
What is the assessment administered for Central Sleep Apnea?
Sleep Studies
What are the components of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Awake Disorder?
The body’s internal clock is out of sync with your environment. This leads to excessive sleepiness or insomnia. (3 nights per week for 3 months)
what is sleep pressure affiliated with?
caffeine intake can temporarily suppress this pressure think of NASA spider web study
Why is it important to ask clients about sleep?
it impacts functioning and social components (duh)
For clients with occasional problems with sleep they should consider?
Warm milk, melatonin, tylenol pm, benadryl, because they are not addictive
true or false: For someone with mild to moderate insomnia and a family history of substance abuse it is best to recommend a hypnotic medication over an herbal supplement over medication
False
what is important to know about hypnotic medications
they are highly addictive and can cause drowsiness. *important to consider for older adults due to fall risk**
