Sleep stages, waves, disorders, reasons Flashcards
What alters rhythm in sleep?
Age & Experience
Age and experience can influence the patterns and stages of sleep.
brain waves present when a person is awake
Alpha/ beta waves
Awake individuals exhibit alpha and beta brain wave patterns.
What characterizes NREM 1 sleep?
Light sleep, decreased breathing, hypnagogic sensation, hallucinations
NREM 1 includes slowed breathing and hypnagogic sensations.
What are sleep spindles?
Bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain-wave activity
Sleep spindles aid memory processing during NREM 2 sleep.
brain wave pattern in NREM 3 sleep
Large slow delta waves
NREM 3 is characterized by deep sleep and is hard to awaken from.
Where do sleepwalking and sleep talking typically occur?
NREM 3
During NREM 3, the body is internally slow but not externally.
brain waves of REM sleep?
Rapid & Saw toothed beta waves
REM sleep involves rapid eye movement and increased heart rate.
How long does REM sleep typically last?
10 minutes, gets longer throughout the night
The duration of REM sleep increases as the night progresses.
What controls the production of melatonin in sleep regulation?
SCN (Suprachiasmatic Nucleus)
The SCN is the biological/environmental regulator of melatonin.
What is the dream theory that suggests dreams help sift, sort, and consolidate experiences?
Information Processing
This theory posits that dreams are related to memory processing and organization.
What does the Activation Synthesis theory propose?
Brain’s attempt to synthesize random neural activity
This theory emphasizes the random nature of dreams and neural activation.
What is a characteristic of dreams according to Cognitive Development theory?
Reflects dreamers cognitive development
This theory ties dream content to the cognitive maturity of the individual.
True or False: Dreams often incorporate negative experiences and feelings of anxiety.
True
Many dreams reflect recent experiences and can often be negative in nature.
Fill in the blank: The most biological/environmental way sleep is affected is by _______.
SCN
The SCN plays a crucial role in regulating sleep-wake cycles.
NREM 2 characteristics
Sleep spindles, clearly asleep
NREM 3 charactersitics
Deep sleep, sleepwalking, sleeptalking
NREM 2 brainw aves
theta
NREM 3 brainw waves
delta
Delta waves
slow
Beta waves
rapid, saw toothed
Alpha waves
long
Theta waves
mix of alpha and delta
Dream theories
Information processing, physciological functioning, activation synthesis, cognitive development
Information processing dream theory
To file away memories
- Dreams Help sift, sort, & consolidate experiences in our memory
-
Physciological functioning dream theory
To develop and perserve neural pathways
- Dreams/brain activity provide periodic stimulation
Activation synthesis dream theory
Brians attempt to synthesize random neural activity
-dreams are the brain’s attempt to interpret random neural signals generated in the brainstem during REM sleep
Cogntiive development theory
Brain maturation, to stimulate our lives and reflect dreamers cognitive development
- Stimulate our lives; worst-case situations include
The types of sleep disorders (5)
Insomnia, Narcolepsy, Sleep apnea, REM sleep behavior disorder, Sleep disorders and disruptions
Insomnia
Difficulty fallinf or staying asleep
Insomnia affects
fatigue and impaired functioning during day, depression, obesity hypertension
Narcolepsy
Sudden, uncontrollabel sleep atttacks, often directly into REM
Narcolepsy effects
Muscle weakness, always drowsy
REM sleep behavior disorder
People act out their dreams due to lack of muscle paralysis during REM sleep, mostly older men
Sleep disruptions
sleepwalking’ typically occurs during NREM 3
6 reasons why we sleep
Sleep protects, restores, aids memory consoldiation, feeds creatuve thinking, supports growth, conserves energy
