sleep, hallucinations, unexplained symptoms Flashcards
what is charles bonnet syndrome
persistent hallucinations (visual or auditory) that occur in clear consciousness - insight usually preserved
what does charles bonnet syndrome usually occur with
background of visual impairment
RF charles bonnet syndrome
age, peripheral visual impairment, social isolation, sensory deprivation, early cognitive impairment
eye conditions assoc with charles bonnet syndrome
macular degeneration!!! // glaucoma, cataracts
what are psuedohallucinations
patient aware they are hallucinating? unusual symptoms and hard to define
example of pseudohallucination
hypnagogic hallucination - when falling asleep, very vivid dreams which seem real (but you know they arent)
who are pseudohallucinations common in
grieving people
what is insomnia
difficulty getting to sleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early –> decreased daytime function
RF insomnia
females // older // lower IQ // unemployed // widowed, divorced, separated // alcohol + illicit drugs // bad sleeping conditions // chronic pain + conditions
medication assoc with insomnia
steroids
invx insomnia
thorough history
mx severe insomnia
hypnotics - short acting benzos or Z drugs eg zopiclone
how long is medication advised in insomnia
as low a dose as possible for shortest time // if one hypnotic does not work do not prescribe another
what is sleep paralysis
paralysis of skeletal muscle when waking up (or sometimes when falling asleep) - can have hallucinations
what part of sleep cycle does sleep paralysis occur in
REM
