Sleep Disorder

Question 1

What are the 2 different distinct stages of sleep?

Answer 1

• REM (rapid eye movement)
  AKA Dream sleep
• NREM (non-REM)

Question 2

Reasons for sleep issues

Answer 2

• Circumstances (jet lag, shift work)
• Idiosyncratic pattern (night owls)
• Circadian rhythm sleep disorders
• Difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep
• Intermittent wakefulness
• Early morning awakening
• Common factors include stress, caffeine, physical discomfort, daytime napping, early bedtimes

Question 3

Psych disorders often associated with sleep difficulties

Answer 3

• Depression
• Bipolar Disorder
• Abuse of alcohol disrupts sleep cycle
• Heavy smoking can cause difficulty falling asleep

Question 4

Medical conditions that cause sleep disorders

Answer 4

Delirium, pain, respiratory distress syndromes, uremia, asthma, thyroid disorders

Question 5

First line treatment of sleep disorders

Answer 5

Sleep Hygiene
- No caffeine/nicotine in evening
- Daily exercise regimen
- Avoid alcohol
- Limit fluids in evening
- Relaxation techniques

Question 6

When should medications be used for sleep disorder and what should be used?

Answer 6

• Best for acute
• Used when sleep hygiene is ineffective
• Antihistamines beneficial and produce no dependency
  Hydroxyzine
  Diphenhydramine
• Trazadone
  Long term use