Sleep and Dreams Flashcards
Who came up with restoration theory and what did they state
Oswald, he said sleep is essential for revitalising and restoring the physiological processes that keep the body and mind healthy and properly functioning after the days activities
List the studies that supported and opposed restoration theory
Support - zager, Shapiro, and the baby study
Oppose - Horne, Horne and Harley, Hobson
Describe Hornes study’s findings
Sleep deprivation did not interfere with participants ability to play sports or make them ill. sleep is not essential for physical functioning (short term)
Describe Hobson study’s findings
Sleep is entirely for the brain. Body restoration can be achieved by simply resting
Describe the baby study which supports restoration theory
Newborn babies have a high proportion of REM sleep. It makes up 50 to 60% of sleep time and it drops as they grow. This is a time of rapid brain growth and development so it’s logical that the baby has increased REM sleep
Describe Zagers study’s findings
Sleep deprived rats had a 20% decrease in white blood cell count, loss of body mass and eventually died
Describe Shapiro’s study’s findings
Ultramarathon runners sleep lasted on average 90minutes longer than usual over the next 2 nights. In particular non-REM sleep rose from 25% to 45% of total sleep
What is a zeitgeber
An environmental trigger that effects our circadian rhythm eg. Light
What is a schema
A set of ideas linked to a work or concept or situation
How long does it take for caffeine levels in your body to half
5 hours
What does activation synthesis theory state
That dreams occur due to a random firing of the pons. The brain makes random story’s to make sense of this stimuli which is our dreams
How is adenosine involved in sleep
It builds up throughout the day making us feel tired and then is broken down during sleep
How does stimulants like caffeine keep us awake
They block the adenosine receptors which make us feel tired
How does blue light from technology affect our sleep
It stops the release of melatonin ( the sleep hormone ) so avoid technology before bed
How does alcohol affect our sleep
It acts as a depressant so makes us feel more tired but it them acts as stimulant which reduces the quality of sleep by disrupting the ratio of REM To nREM