sleep

Question 1

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 1

hypothalamus, master clock for circadian rhyths

recieves direct projectsion from retina which entrin it to the actual day length

SCN projects INDIRECTLY to pineal gland via spinal cord
it is reset by retinal reception

Question 2

midbrain reticular formation

Answer 2

controls REM sleep

Question 3

Sleep stages:

Answer 3

N1 “drowsiness”
N2 “light”
N3 “deep or slow wave”
REM

Question 4

N1 sleep stage

Answer 4

light sleep
transition from alpha waves to theta waves
sudden hypnic jerks or hypnagogic hallucinations
subject loses some muscle tone and most conscious awareness of external senvironemt

Question 5

N2

Answer 5

light sleep
sleep spindles and K-complexes (more sleep spindles the better yoru memory consolidation)

44-55%

Question 6

N3

Answer 6

deep or slow wave
delta waves

night terrors
bed wetting
sleep walking
sleep talking

Question 7

REM

Answer 7

Beta waves 
rapid eye movements
rapid low voltage EEG
REM increases as night progresses 
more prevalent in the last 1/3 of the night

muscular atonia
dreaming

Question 8

Narcolepsy

Answer 8

tetrad

1) sleep attacks
2) cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone)
3) hypnagogic hallucinations
4) sleep paralysis

Question 9

sleepwalking

Answer 9

1) form of insomnia that occurs during non-REM sleep

2) more common in children

Question 10

night terrors

Answer 10

occurs after falling asleep. usually in “N3”– deep or slow wave sleep.

mainly children

no memory of event

Question 11

Restless leg syndrome

Answer 11

creeping or crawling feeling in the calves and thi
ghs
occurs when person begins to rest

temporarily releived by movement of legs

syndrome can easily delay the onset of sleep

leg sensations can extend into daytime and are worsened by fatigue

unknown cause

Question 12

sleep apnea

Answer 12

interruption of breathing
decline of oxygen in blood

obstructive and central (brainstem respiratory neurons)