Sleep Flashcards
What are symptoms of insomnia
Ongoing difficulty falling or staying asleep.
Insomnia epidemiology
1 in 4 adults.
What are the effects of insomnia
- Chronic tiredness.
- Increased risk depression, obesity, hypertension, arthritis and fribromyalgia.
What are the symptoms of narcolepsy
Sudden attack of sleepiness.
Narcolepsy epidemiology
1 in 2000 adults.
What are the symptoms of sleep apnea?
Stop breathing while sleeping.
Sleep apnea epidemiology
1 in 20 adults.
Effects of sleep apnea
Fatigue and depression.
What are the symptoms of sleepwalking?
Normal activities while asleep.
Sleeptalking occurs at . . . sleep stage.
Any
Sleepwalking occurs at . . . sleep stage.
N3/deep sleep.
Sleeptalking occurence
Half of young children.
Night terrors occur at . . . stage of sleep.
N3
What are the symptoms of night terrors?
Appearing terrified during sleep.
Occurence of night terrors
1 in 100 adults; 1 in 30 children.
Order of sleep stages to REM sleep
N1, N2, N3, N2, REM.
An electroencephalogram shows alpha waves, the person is . . . but in a . . . state
Awake, relaxed.
An electroencephalogram shows beta waves, the person is . . . in a(n) . . . state.
Awake, alert.
N1 sleep waves resemble . . . sleep waves. Why?
REM.
Beta waves can be described as … and …
Faster and irregular
Alpha waves can be described as … and …
smooth, regular.
N1 and N2 are characterized by … waves.
Theta.
N3 is also called … , and is charcterized by … waves.
deep sleep, delta.
Sleep supports growth. This is supported by the fact that … (hormone) is released during …
Human growth hormone (HGH), N3.
During REM sleep, … and … increase.
Heart rate, breathing.
The biological clock is referred to as
the circadian rhythm.
During N1 stage, a person may experience …
Hallucinations.
Brain emits larger, slower delta waves during … sleep
N3
As night progresses, what happens to REM sleep?
Increases in duration.
In interpreting dreams, Freud was interested in their … and …
Manifest content, latent content.
The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM deprivation is referred to as … …
Rem rebound.
The circadian rythm is controled by the … … , a part of the …
superchiasmiatic nucleus (SCN), hypothalamus
The superchiasmiatic nucleus incfluences the … to release the sleep hormone …
Pineal gland, melatonin
Dreams happen most often during … sleep
REM
REM (rapid eye movement) is characterized by … except for the eyes, but the brain is more … during REM than NREM sleep.
Body paralysis, aroused.
Older adults experience less sleep, therefore they experience disrupted … …
memory consolidation (info-processing theory).
What are the 5 theories that explain why we sleep?
- Protection.
- Recuperation.
- Memory consolidation.
- Feeds creative thinking.
- Supports growth.
The recuperation theory of why we sleep is supported by the fact that
- Sleep restores immune function
- Unused neural connections are pruned
Less sleep may be cause for depression, this is because processing of emotions during … stage protects against depression.
REM processing of emotions.
Sleep deprivation symptoms
Create a new mnemonic dear god
- Fatigue and irritability.
- Decreased concentration, productivity, and memory consolidation.
- Depression, obesity, joint pain, and decreased immune function.
Why does sleep deprivation increase risk of weight gain?
- Inc. cortisol = Inc. production of fat cells.
- Inc. ghrelin, dec. leptin.
We cycle through the … stages of sleep every … minutes.
5, 90.
It’s difficult to wake someone up when they’re in … stage of sleep.
N3.
