Prologue Flashcards
What is psychology?
Science of behaviour and mental processes
What is cognitive psychology?
The scientific way of examining how info is perceived, processesed, and remembered.
What does the psychodynamic model tell us? Who created it?
How behaviour and personality are influenced by unconscious dynamics. Created by Freud.
What is humanistic/ positive psychology? Who led this movement?
- How the environment nurtures or limits potential growth.
- The inherent need for love and acceptance. * Led by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
What is Wilhelm Wundt known for?
Opened first psych lab. First to regard psych as a science.
What is the difference between structuralism and functionalism?
Structuralism:
Studies the contents of the mind trough experiments and introspection.
Functionalism:
Used observation to understand the adaptive purpose of behaviour.
What scholl of throught did Titchener belong to? What were his methods?
Structuralism. He used self-reported introspection.
What school of thought did William James belong to? What were his methods?
Functionalism. He was influenced by Darwin and studied the evolved functions of thought.
Why is psychology a science?
- It uses evidence-based method: observation and experimentation (empirical approach)
- Requires a scientific attitude: curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
What is behaviourism? Who led it?
The study of observable behaviour without reference to mental processes. Led by John Watson and B.F. Skinner.
What is Freudian psychology?
Emphasis on how unconscious thought and emotional responses to childhood experiences affect later behaviour.
How behaviour and thinking vary across situations and cultures.
Social-cultural
How behaviour springs from unconscious drives and conflict
Psychodynamic.
How genes and our environment influence our individual differences
Behaviour genetics
How natural selection of traits has promoted the survival of genes.
Evolutionary
