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Psychology vce unit 3/4 > Sleep > Flashcards

Sleep Flashcards

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1
Q

What is consciousness?

A

The level of awareness a person has of their thoughts, feelings, perceptions and existence.

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2
Q

What is the consciousness continuum?

A

A visual representation of the different states of consciousness that progress from lower levels of awareness to high levels.

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3
Q

What is normal waking consciousness?

A

A state of consciousness when the person is awake and aware.

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4
Q

What is altered states of consciousness?

A

Any state of consciousness that is distinctively different from normal waking in terms of quality of experience and level of awareness.

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5
Q

What is a hypnogram?

A

A graph that represents the time period of each stage of sleep and the transitions between each stage.

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6
Q

What is sleep?

A

A regular and naturally occurring altered state of consciousness that involves a loss of awareness and disengagement with eternal and internal stimuli.

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7
Q

What is a sleep cycle?

A

A around 90 minute sleep episode where a person progresses in stages of REM and NREM before repeating.

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8
Q

What is Rapid Eye Movement? (REM)

A

REM is a type of sleep that is categorized by rapid eye movement, high levels of brain activity and low levels of physical activity.

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9
Q

What is Non-rapid Eye Movement? (NREM)

A

NREM is a type of sleep that is categorized by a lack of rapid eye movement, and subdivided into three different stages.

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10
Q

What is a Electroencephalograph? (EEG)

A

A device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the brain.

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11
Q

What is a Electromyograph? (EMG)

A

A device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the body’s muscles.

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12
Q

What is a Electro-oculograph? (EOG)

A

A device that detects, amplifies and records the eletrical activity of the muscles responsible for eye movement.

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13
Q

What is a sleep diary?

A

A record that contains self reported descriptions of their sleeping periods, including an estimation of time spent sleeping and judgments they make about quality and nature of sleep.

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14
Q

What is video monitoring?

A

The use of camera and audio technologies to record a person as they sleep.

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15
Q

What are biological rhythms?

A

Repeated biological processes that are regulated by internal mechanisms.

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16
Q

What are circadian rhythms?

A

Biological and behavioral changes that occur as part of a cycle that lasts around 24 hours.

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17
Q

What are ultradian rhythms?

A

Biological and behavioural changes that occur as part of a cycle that under 24 hours

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18
Q

What is the sleep-wake cycle?

A

A 24 hour cycle that is made up of time spent sleeping and time spent awake and alert.

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19
Q

What is melatonin?

A

A hormone that is released by the pineal gland, typically released at night to induce sleep.

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20
Q

What is suprachiasmatic nucleus? (SCN)

A

A structure in the hypothalamus that regulates an individuals sleep-wake patterns.

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21
Q

What is the pineal gland?

A

A gland in the brain that is responsible for the production and release of melatonin.

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22
Q

What is sleep deprivation?

A

The inadequate quality and/or quality of sleep.

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23
Q

What is partial sleep deprivation?

A

When a person gets some sleep within the 24 hour period but the sleep was too short or the quality of sleep of poor.

24
Q

What is full sleep deprivation?

A

When a person gets no sleep in the 24 hour period.

25
Q

What is affective effects?

A

The changes in emotions and emotional responses that arise from sleep deprivation. Examples include mood changes and lack of motivation.

26
Q

What is behavioral effects?

A

The changes in actions and the ability to control them that arise from sleep deprivation. Examples include slower reaction times and clumsiness.

27
Q

What is cognitive effects?

A

The changes in mental processes that arise from sleep deprivation. Examples include lack of concentration and impaired memory.

28
Q

What is blood alcohol concentration? (BAC)

A

A measure of how much alcohol is in someones bloodstream. These are examples relating:
17h=0.05BAC
24h=0.10BAC

29
Q

What are circadian rhythm sleep disorders?

A

Disturbances to typical sleeping and waking patterns that interfere with the regulation of the circadian rhythm of sleep, leading to a change in the sleep wake cycle.

30
Q

What is delayed sleep phase syndrome? (DSPS)

A

A circadian rhythm disorder where the sleep and waking occur later than usual (usually 2 hours or more) Examples include poor sleep habits and adolescence.

31
Q

What is advanced sleep phase disorder? (ASPD)

A

A circadian rhythm disorder where the sleep and waking occur earlier than usual (usually 2 hours or more) Examples include old age and jet lag.

32
Q

What is shift work?

A

It isn’t a disorder but can be the cause of sleep disorders, it is when an occupation involves working at unusual hours, like working at night sleeping in the day.

33
Q

What is bright light therapy?

A

A method used to adjust a person’s circadian rhythm through exposure to a high intense light source. It does this by:
1.light is detected by eyes
2. This stimulates the suprachiasmatic nucleus
3.the SCN signals the pineal gland in the hypothalamus to release melatonin.

34
Q

What are zeitgebers?

A

External cues from the environment that influence the circadian rhythm.

35
Q

What is daylight?

A

The typical light a person is exposed to during the day, its mostly natural blue light.

36
Q

What is blue light?

A

A type of light that can be emitted naturally and artificially.

37
Q

What is temperature?

A

The degree of external heat in a environment that can influence the quality and quantity of sleep.

38
Q

What is eating and drinking patterns?

A

What, when and how much food and drink is consumed by a person.

39
Q

What are the zeitgebers?

A

Daylight
Blue light
Temperature
Eating and drinking patterns

40
Q

What is sleep hygiene?

A

The practices and habits that promote an individual’s sleep patterns.

41
Q

What is mental well-being?

A

A persons psychological state, involving their ability to think, process information and regulate emotions.

42
Q

What are the brain waves?

A

Beta
Alpha
Theta
Delta

43
Q

What is the beta brain wave?

A

Has the highest frequency and the lowest amplitude and is when we are in our normal waking consciousness or our brain is working on several things at once.

44
Q

What is the Alpha brain wave?

A

Has a high frequency and a low amplitude and is when we are awake but relaxed and in a low stimulated environment.

45
Q

What is the Theta brain wave?

A

Has a low frequency and a high amplitude and is when our body’s senses are withdrawn from the external environment and in light sleep.

46
Q

What is the Delta brain wave?

A

Has the lowest frequency and highest amplitude and is when we are in deep N3 sleep, dreamless sleep and the lowest alertness

47
Q

What lifespan requires 14-17 hours of sleep/ REM:50% NREM:50%

A

Newborn 0-3 months

48
Q

What lifespan requires 12-16 hours sleep/ REM:30-40% NREM:60-70%

A

Infant 4-11 months

49
Q

What lifespan requires 11-14 hours sleep/ REM:25-30% NREM:70-75%

A

Toddler 1-2 years

50
Q

What lifespan requires 10-13 hours sleep/ REM:25% NREM:75%

A

Preschooler 3-5 years

51
Q

What lifespan requires 9-11 hours sleep/ REM:20% NREM:80%

A

School age children 6-13 years

52
Q

What lifespan requires 8-10 hours sleep/ REM:20% NREM:80%

A

Adolescent 14-17 years

53
Q

What lifespan requires 7-9 hours sleep/ REM:20% NREM:80%

A

Young adult 18-25 years

54
Q

What lifespan requires 7-9 hours sleep/ REM:20% NREM:80%

A

Adult 26-64 years

55
Q

What lifespan requires 7-8 hours sleep/ REM:18-20% NREM:80-82%

A

Older adult 65+ years

Psychology vce unit 3/4 (6 decks)

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