Sleep Flashcards
Why do we sleep?
- Consolidate memory
- Activate system to clear out waste products in metabolic activities
3 sleep measures
- EEG
- EMG
- EOG
Electroencephalogram (EEG) records…
Brain-wave activity (the sum between the 2 electrodes)
Electromyogram (EMG) records…
Muscle activity
Electrooculogram (EOG) records…
Eye movement
A sleep cycle lasts about ____ min and contains ___ stages
90; 4
____ waves and ____ waves are sign of wakefulness
Alpha; Beta
Wave patterns definitive for stage 2 are…
Sleep spindle (非常密集) and the K complex (猛然长波)
Stage 3 has less than ____% of ____ wave, whereas the stage 4 consists of ____% of it.
50; Delta; 80
EEG frequency is ____ during wakefulness and ____ as the person progresses into the sleep stages.
High; low
In an EEG, REM sleep consists of ____and ____ activity.
Theta; beta
Stages 1–4 are ____-____ sleep, and stages 3–4 are ____min in total
Non-REM; 40
As sleep progresses, slow-wave sleep ____ in duration, while REM sleep ____ in duration.
Decrease; Increase
After the first cycle into the course of sleep, stage 1 are replaced with ____ sleep.
REM
Characteristics of REM sleep
- Rapid eye movement
- Antonia (loss of muscle tone)
- Low amplitude, high frequency EEG (increases to waking levels)
- Muscles of the extremities occasionally twitch
Does dreaming only occur in REM sleep?
No — dreaming can happen across different stages, with major difference in quality of the dream
For a patient whose genital is 萎靡, we can observe their genital in ____ stage to see if it’s due to ____ damage (genital organs ____ during the stage.)
REM; nerve; arise
Characteristics of slow-wave sleep
- low frequency, high amplitude EEG
- moderate muscle tone
- Slow or no eye movement
- Sleep walking or talking
- lack of genital activity
Sleep deprivation can impair ____ and ____ function, and are related to the development of ____, type 2 diabetes, etc.
Performance; cognitive; cancer
A sleep deprived person can never make up for the ____ sleep that is lost.
REM
Microsleeps
Brief sleep periods lasting up to a few seconds
- Occur more frequently in sleep deprived subjects
After REMs deprivation, the person has ____ tendency to go into REM sleep, their REM sleep ____, and may impact brain ____ (especially in early stages of life)
Increased; rebound; development
Reticular Formation is located at the ____; it consists of multiple ____ and nerve ____ tracks, and it controls major events during ____ sleep.
Brainstem; nuclei; fiber; REM
