Pain Flashcards
Sharp, pricking pain are picked up by which receptor(s)?
Thermal or mechanical receptors
Searing, diffusing pain are picked up by which receptors?
Polymodal
Thermal or mechanical receptors use ____-fibers and they are ____. On the other hand, polymodal receptors use ____-fibers and they are ____.
A; myelinated; c; unmyelinated
Chemical mediators/triggers of pain include…
*Together, they are referred to as the ____ ____.
- Histamine
- Proteins (bradykinin)
- prostaglandins
- serotonin
- cytokines
- neuropeptide (substance P)
- nerve growth factors
*Inflammatory soup
Damaged tissue releases ____ that activate ____ ____ in the skin.
Chemicals; nerve fibers (free nerve endings)
With touch, ____-fiber projects the signal all the way to ____ and cross the midline there.
A; medulla; c; spinal cord
Pain fibers synapse in the ____ ____, then cross the midline in the ____ ____.
Dorsal horn; spinal cord
____ tract carries the pain fibers to the thalamus
Spinalthalamic
____ pathway innervates areas of the brain concerned with emotion (amygdala, insular cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex)
Spinoparabrachial
Descending pain pathway goes through the ____ ____ (PAG)
Periaqueductal gray
Descending pathway release ____ (____) to inhibit the perception of pain
Endorphin (opioid)
Midbrain (PAG) is ____ to the medulla (Raphe nucleus) that ____ the dorsal horn neuron.
Excitatory (EPSP); inhibitory (IPSP)
As pain fiber fires ____ to the dorsal horn neuron, it ____ the dorsal horn neuron and projects the sensory info to the ____-____ tract
EPSP; excites; spino-thalamic
Referred pain is the EPSPs to the dorsal horn from pain fibers in ____, ____, or/and internal ____
Skin; muscle; organ
Shaking activates ____-fibers and inhibits ____-fibers, which can help with ____ pain.
A; C; referred
