Sleep Flashcards
What is sleep
natural, necessary, involves a shift in physiologic and neurological activity, and is intended to be restorative. Sleep is not a period of inactivity.
Dreams occur when and are important for what
they occur in NREM and REM sleep
- They are important for learning, memory, and adaptation to stress
infants
14-16 hrs each day
toddlers
9-10 hrs each day plus 2-3 hrs of daytime naps
school-age children
9-11 hrs
teenagers
9 hours
adults
7-9 hrs
Populations at risk
Every human being is at risk for sleep problems.
- Middle-aged and older adult
- Women
- Pregnant and perimenopausal women
- Men have highest risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
- Obesity
physical illness that can cause pain, physical discomfort, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances include:
- respiratory disease
- heart disease; hypertension
- nocturia
- restless leg syndrome (RLS)
- gastrointestinal disorders
Primary sleep disorders
disorders that exist as an independent condition
Secondary sleep disorders
disorders that are often caused by medical conditions, mental health conditions, and side effects of medical treatments
Insomnia
Difficulty falling asleep; staying asleep; or waking up too early
- up to 30% of adults suffer; more common in women; poor sleep hygiene
sleep apnea
inability to breath and sleep at the same time; intervals of anywhere from 10 sec - 2 minutes at a time
- 3 different types
3 types of sleep apnea:
- obstructive
- central
- complex
obstructive sleep apnea
when the muscles in the back of your throat relax too much to allow normal breathing
central sleep apnea
when you regularly stop breathing while you sleep because your brain doesn’t tell your muscles to take in air
narcalepsy
people fall asleep at inappropriate times
- avoid: alcohol, long drives; reading books; warmth
sleep deprivation
getting the less amount of sleep than required
Parasomnias
a sleep disorder that involves unusual and undesirable physical events or experiences that disrupt your sleep
- EX. sleep walking, terrors
Factors that influence sleep
- drugs and substances
- lifestyle
- usual sleep patterns
- emotional stress
- environment
- exercise and fatigue
- food and caloric intake
primary prevention
- Good sleep hygiene
- Good sleep environment
- Reviewing personal behaviors
- Consistent bedtime and awakening time
- Good dietary habits
- Regular exercise
During rounds on the night shift, you note that a patient stops breathing for 1 to 2 minutes several times during the shift. This condition is known as:
A. cataplexy.
B. insomnia.
C. narcolepsy.
D. sleep apnea.
D. sleep apnea
A 4-year-old pediatric patient resists going to sleep. To assist this patient, the best action to take would be:
A. adding a daytime nap.
B. allowing the child to sleep longer in the morning.
C. maintaining the child’s home sleep routine.
D. offering the child a bedtime snack.
C. maintaining the child’s home sleep routine
A patient suffers from sleep pattern disturbance. To promote adequate sleep, the most important nursing intervention is:
A. administering a sleep aid.
B. synchronizing the medication, treatment, and vital signs schedule.
C. encouraging the patient to exercise immediately before sleep.
D. discussing with the patient the benefits of beginning a long-term nighttime medication regimen.
B. synchronizing the medication, treatment, and vital signs schedule.
