Sleep

Question 1

What is sleep

Answer 1

natural, necessary, involves a shift in physiologic and neurological activity, and is intended to be restorative. Sleep is not a period of inactivity.

Question 2

Dreams occur when and are important for what

Answer 2

they occur in NREM and REM sleep
- They are important for learning, memory, and adaptation to stress

Question 3

infants

Answer 3

14-16 hrs each day

Question 4

toddlers

Answer 4

9-10 hrs each day plus 2-3 hrs of daytime naps

Question 5

school-age children

Answer 5

9-11 hrs

Question 6

teenagers

Answer 6

9 hours

Question 7

adults

Answer 7

7-9 hrs

Question 8

Populations at risk

Answer 8

Every human being is at risk for sleep problems.

• Middle-aged and older adult
• Women
• Pregnant and perimenopausal women
• Men have highest risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
• Obesity

Question 9

physical illness that can cause pain, physical discomfort, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances include:

Answer 9

• respiratory disease
• heart disease; hypertension
• nocturia
• restless leg syndrome (RLS)
• gastrointestinal disorders

Question 10

Primary sleep disorders

Answer 10

disorders that exist as an independent condition

Question 11

Secondary sleep disorders

Answer 11

disorders that are often caused by medical conditions, mental health conditions, and side effects of medical treatments

Question 12

Insomnia

Answer 12

Difficulty falling asleep; staying asleep; or waking up too early
- up to 30% of adults suffer; more common in women; poor sleep hygiene

Question 13

sleep apnea

Answer 13

inability to breath and sleep at the same time; intervals of anywhere from 10 sec - 2 minutes at a time
- 3 different types

Question 14

3 types of sleep apnea:

Answer 14

• obstructive
• central
• complex

Question 15

obstructive sleep apnea

Answer 15

when the muscles in the back of your throat relax too much to allow normal breathing

Question 16

central sleep apnea

Answer 16

when you regularly stop breathing while you sleep because your brain doesn’t tell your muscles to take in air

Question 17

narcalepsy

Answer 17

people fall asleep at inappropriate times
- avoid: alcohol, long drives; reading books; warmth

Question 18

sleep deprivation

Answer 18

getting the less amount of sleep than required

Question 19

Parasomnias

Answer 19

a sleep disorder that involves unusual and undesirable physical events or experiences that disrupt your sleep
- EX. sleep walking, terrors

Question 20

Factors that influence sleep

Answer 20

• drugs and substances
• lifestyle
• usual sleep patterns
• emotional stress
• environment
• exercise and fatigue
• food and caloric intake

Question 21

primary prevention

Answer 21

• Good sleep hygiene
• Good sleep environment
• Reviewing personal behaviors
• Consistent bedtime and awakening time
• Good dietary habits
• Regular exercise

Question 22

During rounds on the night shift, you note that a patient stops breathing for 1 to 2 minutes several times during the shift. This condition is known as:
A. cataplexy.
B. insomnia.
C. narcolepsy.
D. sleep apnea.

Answer 22

D. sleep apnea

Question 23

A 4-year-old pediatric patient resists going to sleep. To assist this patient, the best action to take would be:
A. adding a daytime nap.
B. allowing the child to sleep longer in the morning.
C. maintaining the child’s home sleep routine.
D. offering the child a bedtime snack.

Answer 23

C. maintaining the child’s home sleep routine

Question 24

A patient suffers from sleep pattern disturbance. To promote adequate sleep, the most important nursing intervention is:
A. administering a sleep aid.
B. synchronizing the medication, treatment, and vital signs schedule.
C. encouraging the patient to exercise immediately before sleep.
D. discussing with the patient the benefits of beginning a long-term nighttime medication regimen.

Answer 24

B. synchronizing the medication, treatment, and vital signs schedule.