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Poli Sci > Slay > Flashcards

Slay Flashcards

1
Q

What do governments due?

A

Regulate society, security, and welfare. Act as authority and political systems.

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2
Q

What Causes Governments to Fail

A

Cumulative development due to poor economic growth, vulnerability to natural disasters, poverty and food shortage, corruption, poor rlations.
Cannot give citizens security and wlefare.

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3
Q

Shared Gov. Objectives

A

Independence, stability, economic and social well-being.

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4
Q

Four Main Activities

A

Economic management, government aid and subsidies, insitutional and bureaucratic regulation, program development and administration.

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5
Q

Economic Management

A

Pass resources from one revenue source to other bodies without designating their usage.

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6
Q

Government Aid and Subsidies

A

Monies are provided to individuals and groups with regulated usage.

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7
Q

Regulation

A

Rules of conduct imposed by government on its individual and corporate citizens and their affairs.

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8
Q

Program Development and Administration

A

Governments create and pursue initiatives on their own.

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9
Q

Night-Watchman State

A

Minimized government interference for maximized freedom.

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10
Q

Schools of Thought

A

Laissez-faire, socialism, welfare state.

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11
Q

Laissez-faire

A

“To let be”. Reduction in political control will benefit the system.

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12
Q

Socialism (school of thought)

A

Gov. ought to maintain ownership and control.

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13
Q

Welfare State

A

Laissez-fair with government regulation.
Private run economy, gov. protects the individual.

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14
Q

Keynesianism

A

John Maynard Keynes
Mix of private and public activity in the economy.
Gov. only steps in when the economy needs a boost.

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15
Q

Libertarianism

A

Envisions a greatly reduced role pf the state, individual citizens freedoms are to be ensured at all costs.

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16
Q

Monarchy

A

Monarch as head of state, e.g. the UK.

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17
Q

Theocracy

A

Religious government, e.g. Yemen or Vatican City.

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18
Q

Aristocracy

A

Hierarchical elite, e.g. Saudia Arabia.

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19
Q

Depotism

A

Absolute power and authority, e.g. Stalin.

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20
Q

Juntas

A

Military gov., usually a dictatorship, e.g. Myanmar

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21
Q

Objectives of a Political System

A

Maitaining the political system, adapting the political system, integrating interests and needs, goal-setting.

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22
Q

Constitution

A

The basis for all laws in a society.
Living document, they can be ammended.

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23
Q

Liberal Democracy

A

Equality of political rights, political participation, majority rule, political freedom, assent of all citizens through participation.

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24
Q

Authoritarianism

A

Absolute obedience to a constituted authority.
Coercion, suppression, and ideology to control.

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25
Q

Totalitarianism

A

Authoritarian political system that controls social interaction.

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26
Q

Executive

A

The top range of government, the leader.

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27
Q

Legislative

A

The law making branch.

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28
Q

Judiciary

A

The courts.

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29
Q

Bureaucracy

A

Responsible for carrying out public policy and staffed by public employees.

30
Q

Westminster

A

Executive is merged with the legislative branch.
Question period.
Responsible gov.

31
Q

Presidential System

A

Executive is separated from the legislature.

32
Q

Formal Separation of Powers

A

Imposed by an authoritarian regime.

33
Q

Canada

A

Monarch represented by the Governor General, prime minster represented particular party and its ideologies.

34
Q

Ministerial Responsibility

A

Executive must remain responsible to the legislature.

35
Q

Party Discipline

A

Where members a party vote as blocs to appear united.

36
Q

Bureaucracy in the Executive

A

Gives advice to ministers, increasing distance between the people and the decision makers.
Undermine democractic accountability.

37
Q

Types of Legislature

A

Legislative ‘sovereignty’ or supremacy, constitutionally prescribed powers, ‘mixed’ system.

38
Q

Leglislative ‘Sovereignty’ or Supremacy

A

Legislative branch is highest authority, independent and ultimately autonomous.
No limits on power.
E.g. Westminster model

39
Q

Constitutionally Prescribed Powers

A

Divides governance between the legislative and executive.
Subjcect to judicial review.
E.g. presidential model (US)

40
Q

‘Mixed’ System

A

Legislature is supreme to authoirty but has limitations.
E.g. Canada, powers are shared with provincial legislatures.

41
Q

Legislative Structures

A

Bicameral, unicameral

42
Q

Legislative Functions

A

Lawmaking, debate and accountability (question period), budgeting for government, representation.

43
Q

Judiciary

A

Rules on constitutionality of public and private acts, interprets laws, ajudicates disputes.

44
Q

Bureaucracy

A

Public servants carry out public policy, important government work.

45
Q

Canadian Federalism

A

Divides power between many different political authorities.

46
Q

Reservation

A

Lieutenant gov. sends a provincial law to legislature to be approved.

47
Q

Declaratory

A

Ability for the federal gov. to claim initiatives if it will benefit the greater good.

48
Q

Residual Powers

A

Allocates powers not constitutionally allocated to the federal gov (POGG)

49
Q

Constitution Act, 1982

A

Consitution changes hands from UK to Canada, Quebec wouldn’t sign.
Charter.

50
Q

Sovereignty

A

Legitimate authority given to rule a politicla unit.

51
Q

Unitary System

A

One central government.

52
Q

Unitary Criticism

A

Undemocratic, out of touch, inefficient, insensitive.

53
Q

Federalism

A

Seeks to allocate powers between central and regional govs.

54
Q

Divison of Powers

A

Separating powers between regional and federal gov.

55
Q

Advantages of Federalism

A

Govs. are more aware, democratic institutions.

56
Q

Criticisms of Federalism

A

Unweildy, conflictual, equality issues.

57
Q

Constitution Act, 1867

A

BNAA, created Canada, gave provinces powers.
Fed. military, trade, Indigenous, post.
Concurrent agriculture and immigration.

58
Q

Executive Federalism

A

Provinces try to take more power and face resistance from federal gov.

59
Q

Quebec

A

Quebec nationalism and sepratism goes back to colonization.
Quiet Revoultion and Parti Quebecois.

60
Q

Party List System

A

Parties put up candidates which are listed on ballots.
% of votes = % of seats.
Closed and Open List.

61
Q

Mixed-Member Proportional System

A

Mix of simple plurality and proportional representation.

62
Q

Militia Party

A

Centralized leadership system.

63
Q

Functions of Political System

A

Connect public to gov., represent the people, recuritment function (new voters).

64
Q

Election Campaign

A

Parties play a control role in organizing campaigns and determining policy positions.

65
Q

Political Culture

A

Set of attitudes, beliefs, and values that underpin a political system.

66
Q

Civil Society

A

Actions and organization of private citizens.

67
Q

NGOs

A

Non-Governmental Organizations, non-profit groups organized on a local, national, or international level.

68
Q

Advocacy or Pressure Groups

A

Groups in a political system that seek to alter or maitain government.
No formal role.

69
Q

PACs

A

Political Action Communities, Conglomeration of interest groups who pool resources to influence decision-making more effectively.

70
Q

Coporatism

A

Close cooperation and coordination between gov., business, and labour.
More economic stability.

71
Q
A

Poli Sci (3 decks)

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