SL5

Question 1

What are the two fog computing based frameworks?

Answer 1

Fog-Device framework provides most of the services without cloud involvement

Fog-Cloud-Device framework utilizes cloud resources to provide most of the services to the application layer

Question 2

What are the advantages of Fog over Cloud?

Answer 2

Fog computing provides decentralised architecture

Fog computing can improve security, minimize the data stored on the cloud and to increase the overall efficiency of IoT applications

Question 3

What is the main aim of fog computing?

Answer 3

to handle the IoT data locally

Question 4

How can fog computing be used for IoT data security attacks?

Answer 4

Can handle man-in-the-middle attacks (by adding a security layer), data transit attacks, and eavesdropping

Provide support for cryptographic solutions

Facilitate and protect resource-constrained devices/sensors

Provide real-time incident response services

Question 5

What are the security challenges in Fog computing and their solutions?

Answer 5

Real-time services: fog nodes provide real-time processing of data making them vulnerable
o Solutions: Intrusion detection, identification and authentication

Local storage: fog nodes do not manage data on the cloud. Sensitive data is vulnerable and data may not be shared securely.
o Solutions:
 identifying and protecting sensitive data
 use cryptographic techniques

Data dissemination: encrypted data led to challenges in sharing, searching and aggregation of data
o Solution: use encryption-based solutions and implement secure aggregation algorithms

Decentralised computation: makes the data vulnerable to disclosure to adversaries and the data may not have integrity
o Solutions:
 Server-aided computation
 Data processes can be cross verified

Question 6

Why do most protocols for the edge layer not use a security layer?

Answer 6

As it creates additional overhead in terms of power consumption and processing time

Question 7

What are examples of issues specific to edge devices?

Answer 7

Sleep deprivation attacks
Battery draining attacks
Outage attacks

Question 8

What is edge computing?

Answer 8

Edge computing based: the computation and analysis power is provided at the edge itself

Question 9

How is edge computing used for IoT data security?

Answer 9

Preventing data breaches: by minimizing data exchange

Resolving safety issues: can be used to process safety-critical data

Detecting security attacks: intrusion detection and prevention mechanisms and cryptography based solutions can be deployed at the sensing layer level

Resolving bandwidth issues: can be used to perform data aggregation and forward only the selected data

Question 10

What is the main security challenge in edge computing?

Answer 10

the resource-constrained nature of edge devices