SL - Redox Flashcards
What are the 5 steps involved in the hydrogenation of an alkene?
- H2 approaches platinum metal catalyst surface
- H2 adsorbed on to surface
- Alkene approaches metal surface
- Alkene reacts with adsorbed hydrogen
- Hydrogenated alkene leaves metal surface
What are the 2 most common reducing agents?
1. Sodium Borohydride (NaBH4)
2. Lithium Aluminium Hydride (LiAlH4)
What is the 2 step mechanism of reduction?
- H on BH4 or AlH4 attacks carbonyl and generates a tetrahedral intermediate
- C-O is protonated to give an alcohol using HCl
What occurs in the reduction of esters by hydride transfer reagents?
Rather than protonating, a leaving group can be kicked out
What forms upon the oxidation of 2 thiols?
A disulfide
Oxidation- occurs spontaneously
Reduction- requires an inorganic reducing agent (NaBH4)
How do disulfide bridges affect protein structure?
Ensure correct folding among the proteins tertiary structure
How is ethanol converted to ethanal in the body?
Oxidised by alcohol dehydrogenase
What acts to oxidise ethanal in the body?
Glutathione
What is the co-factor for alcohol dehydrogenase?
NAD+
