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Anatomy > Skull, Vertebral Column, Spinal Cord, and Meninges > Flashcards

Skull, Vertebral Column, Spinal Cord, and Meninges Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 functional spaces of the head?

A

cranial

orbital

ears

nares

oral

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2
Q

What are the 3 organizations of the skull?

A

neurocranium- top and sides

basicranium- protects underneath

face -front

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3
Q

What are the frontal bones of the skull?

A
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4
Q

What is the notch in the orbital of the eye and why is it important?

A

Supra-orbital notch (foramen) important for nerve blocks for the forehead

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5
Q

What is the foramen of the maxilla and why is it important?

A

Infraorbital foramen important for local anesthetic for the lower eyelid to the upper lip and side of the nose (half an inch below orbital)

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6
Q

What is the foramen of the mandible?

A

Mental foramen important for nerve block lower lip and chin

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7
Q

What is special about the occipital bone?

A

Important for movement of the head bc it meets with spinal bones spinal column runs through it

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8
Q

What is special about the lacrimal bone?

A

Hold tears for when you fail your test

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9
Q

What does the vomer bone do?

A

Separates the nose into two septum

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10
Q

What is the foramen magnum?

A

Passageway for spinal cord

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11
Q

What nerve does the sphenoid bone provide passage for?

A

trigeminal nerve

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12
Q

What does CN1 travel through to get to the nare?

A

the cribiform plates

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13
Q

What is the sella turcica and what sits inside of it?

A

the pituitary gland, the depression in the sphenoid bone

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14
Q

What are the foramen and the cranial nerves that they travel through?

A

See Slide 11

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15
Q

What is the opening from the outside to the nose?

A

Nare

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16
Q

What is the opening from the nose to the nasopharynx?

A

choanae

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17
Q

What are the extra bones in the nose that separate the nasal pathway?

A

superior, middle, and inferior concha they come from the lateral walls

18
Q

What is the point of the concha?

A

increase the surface area for nasal endothelium (it is thick and spongy)

19
Q

What are the spaces created by the concha called?

A

superior, middle, and inferior nasal meatus

20
Q

What is important about the inferior nasal meatus?

A

It is were you would pass a nasogastric tube passes for anesthetic

21
Q

What is the spheno-ethmoidal recess?

A

Where the CN1 comes down

22
Q

What makes up the nasal septum?

A

ethmoid bone, vomer, and septal cartilage

23
Q

How many vertebral bones are there?

A

33

24
Q

What are the regions of the vertebrae?

A

Cervical (7) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) Sacral (5 fused) Coccygeal (4 fused)

25
Q

What are the types of curvatures of the spine?

A

Primary (1): kyphosis Secondary (2): lordosis functioning for center of gravity and upright posture with no muscular pressure

26
Q

What are the parts of a vertebra and function?

A

Vertebral body- (weight support, flexible joints between)

vertebral (neural) arch- (surrounding and protecting spinal cord)

Articular process (additional joints)

Transverse process (sites of muscle attachment)

spinous process (sites of muscle attachment)

27
Q

What does the vertebral arch include?

A

pedicle

lamina (posterior)

28
Q

Where is the intervertebral foramen?

A

between pedicles (nerves leave the spinal cord here)

29
Q

What makes up a vertebral disc?

A

annulus fibrosis (fiber container) nucleus pulposis (gel inside)

30
Q

What is the nuchal ligament?

A

ligament in the cervical region goes from spine all the way close to skin support and balance of the head site of attachment for neck muscles

31
Q

What are the characteristics of the cervical vertebrae?

A

transverse foramen (vertebral arteries)

bifid spine (nuchal ligament attachment)

small body (less weight to support)

Looks like birds

32
Q

What are the characteristics of the thoracic vertebrae?

A

costal articular facets (where ribs attach)

Looks like giraffe

33
Q

What are the characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae?

A

large body (weight support)

Looks like a moose

34
Q

What cervical bone has a transverse foramen that the artery does not pass through?

A

C7

35
Q

What is C1 called and what makes it unique?

A

atlas atlantooccipital joint (meets the occipital bone) no body anterior and posterior arches transverse ligament hold C1 and C2 together

36
Q

What is C2 called and what makes it unique?

A

axis dens (odontoid process [body of c1 that got stuck])

37
Q

What is the yes joint?

A

atlantooccipital joint

38
Q

what is the no joint?

A

atlantoaxial joints

39
Q

What are the lateral bones of the skull?

A
40
Q

What are the inferior bones of the skull?

A

Anatomy (10 decks)

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