Skull Fractures Flashcards by Liam Lennox | Brainscape

Q

AETIOLOGY

Common causes

A

Fall
RTA
Assualt

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Q

CLINICAL FEATURES

Presentation

A

Altered mental status
Nausea
Vomiting
Cranial nerve deficit depending on where fracture is

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Q

CLINICAL FEATURES

Signs

A

Cranial nerve deficits
Hemoympanum (blood pooling behind tympanic membrane)
CSF rhinorrhea or otorrhea
Periorbital ecchymosis (racoon eyes)
Battle sign (mastoid ecchymosis)

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Q

INVESTIGATIONS

First choice

A

CT head

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Q

MANAGEMENT

General principles

A

Initial stabilisation - ABCDE
Transexamic acid (blood clotter given for all head injuries)
GCS every 30 mins until returns to 15
If depressed fracture or open surgery required (cranioplasty)

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