Skull (Decker) Flashcards
Frontal bone parts
Squamous Part Orbital Part Superciliary Arch Supraorbital Margin Supraorbital Foramen/ Notch
Supraorbital notch/foramen
where vessels and nerves run
Frontal squama
forehead
Sphenoid
Posterior wall of orbits, between brain and facial bones
Articulates with: occ, temp, parietal, front, ethmoid, vomer
Sphenoid bones
Greater Wing Foramen Rotundum Foramen Ovale Lesser Wing Body Sphenoid Sinus Medial Pterygoid Plate Lateral Pterygoid Plate Optic Canal Sella Turcica
Lesser wings of sphenoid bones form
floor frontal lobes of brain
Medial pterygoid plates
articulate w/ palatines
lateral pterygoid plates
can be seen on outer skull
Optic canals
optic nerves (CNII) and ophthalmic arteries
Foramen rotundum
Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
Foramen ovale
mandibular nerve (CN V3) and accessory meningeal artery
Foramen Magnum
Medulla and meninges, vertebral arteries, CN XI, dural veins, anterior and posterior spinal arteries
Jugular foramen
CN IX, X, and XI; superior bulb of internal jugular vein; inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses; and meningeal branches of ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries
Mandible parts
Mental Protuberance Mental Foramen Mental Spines (Genial Tubercles) Ramus of the Mandible Mandibular Foramen Coronoid Process Mandibular Condyles Mandibular Notch
Mandible
lower jaw
Either side of the maxilla
zygomatic
zygomatic function
provides protection to the eyes
zygomatic ties the face to
the neurocranium
zygomatic serves as attachments for
muscles involved in chewing
Lambda
Point on calvaria at junction of lambdoid and sagittal sutures
Bregma
Point on calvaria at junction of coronal and sigattal sutures
Glabella
Smooth prominence; most marked in males; on frontal bones superior to root of nose; most anterior projecting part of forehead (eyebrow ridge)
Nasion
Point on cranium where frontonasal and internasal sutures meet
Maxillary bones
Body Maxillary Sinus Frontal Process Palatine Process Infraorbital Foramen Orbital Plate Infraorbital Margin Nasal Notch
Crista galli
sometimes found attached to frontal
Parietal Bones
Meningeal grooves
Parietal Bone articulations
frontal, temporal, sphenoid,
occipital, contralateral parietal
Meningeal grooves
endocranial; go superior and posterior
Temporal bones
Squamous Part Zygomatic Process Mandibular Fossa Mastoid Process Petrous portion Internal Acoustic Meatus Carotid Canal Jugular Fossa External Acoustic Meatus Styloid Process
squama means
scaly
petrous means
rock
Temporal Ectocranial bones
Petrous and squama,
Zygomatic, styloid and mastoid processes,
External acoustic meatus
Temporal Endocranial bones
Grooves for meningeal vessels and part of the sigmoid sinus;
Internal acoustic meatus
zygomatic
AKA Malar
Orbital margin
Frontal, temporal, and maxillary processes
Zygomaticofacial foramina
Lateral Maxilla
Orbital surface
Medial Maxilla
Maxillary sinus
Palatine process
Vomer
Similar to sphenoid – but more square in shape. Visible inferiorly.
Divides nasal aperture posteriorly
*Major differences between male and female skulls
the male face has
Large supraorbital ridge
Double bossing of glabellar region (frontal)
Blunt superior orbital rim
*Major differences between male and female skulls
the male cranium has
Large mastoid process
Zygomatic process extends beyond external auditory meatus
*Major differences between male and female skulls
the male mandible has
Square chin
Flared gonial region (anterior view)
Sharp gonial angle
*SCALP
Skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, pericranium
Difference between CT and MRI
CT used for bones; MRI used for soft tissue
coronal suture
“crown”
sella turcia
where pituitary sits
occipital condyle
helps turn head
optic canal
where optic nerves go through
gyrus
risen
sulcus
sunken
put body in standard position
*frankfurt horizontal plane, natural head position
sinuses are
unique, like a fingerprint
Ethmoid bones
Cribriform plate
Crista Galli
Ethmoidal Sinuses
Nasal bones
