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Anatomy Exam 3 > Deep Neck > Flashcards

Deep Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Prevertebral muscles

A

Deepest layer; Longus coli, longus capitis, rectus capitis, scalenes

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2
Q

Longus coli

A

runs anterior to the vertebrae from C5-C1
innervated by C2-6
flexes and rotates neck

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3
Q

Longus capitis

A

superior to coli
attaches to occipital bone
innervated by C1-3
flexes head

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4
Q

Rectus capitis anterior and lateralis

A

run from atlas to occipital bone
innervated by C1-2
flex head

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5
Q

scalenes located

A

laterally

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6
Q

anterior scalene

A

runs from transverse process C3-6 to 1st rib
innervated by C4-6
flex neck and head

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7
Q

middle scalene

A

C5-7 Posterior tubercles to first rib

flex neck and head, can raise ribs

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8
Q

posterior scalene

A

originates adjacent to middle scalene and attaches to 2nd rib
flex neck and head, can raise ribs

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9
Q

between anterior and middle scalene

A

subclavian artery and roots of the brachial plexus

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10
Q

The phrenic nerve runs across the ______ before exiting between the ______ and _______.

A

anterior scalene; anterior and middle scalenes

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11
Q

The brachiocephalic and subclavian veins run anterior to the

A

anterior scalene

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12
Q

The subclavian arteries run between the

A

anterior and middle scalene

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13
Q

Branches off subclavian artery in neck

A

vertebral, internal thoracic, thyrocervical trunk

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14
Q

vertebral artery runs to brain through

A

the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae

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15
Q

vertebral artery runs deep to the

A

suboccipital triangle

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16
Q

vertebral artery supplies

A

the medulla, cerebellum, and spinal cord

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17
Q

internal thoracic passes inferiorly to the

A

thorax (and was covered with the thorax)

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18
Q

thyrocervical trunk gives off four branches

A
  1. inferior thyroid
  2. ascending cervical
  3. suprascapular
  4. cervical dorsal
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19
Q

inferior thyroid art supplies

A

thyroid, esophagus, larynx, trachea, parathyroid, neck muscles

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20
Q

ascending cervical art supplies

A

lateral neck muscles and intervertebral foramen

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21
Q

suprascapular artery supplies

A

the shoulder region

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22
Q

recurrent laryngeal nerve runs under

A

the aorta on the left side and the subclavian on the right

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23
Q

vagus nerve gives rise to the

A

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

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24
Q

phrenic nerve descends anterior to the

A

anterior scalene

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25
Q

phrenic nerve runs between the _____ and _____ and enters the ______.

A

subclavian arteries and veins. enters the thorax

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26
Q

Sympathetic trunk

A

superior(C1-2), middle(C6), inferior cervical (C8)

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27
Q

inferior cervical part of sympathetic trunk often forms

A

the stellate ganglia with the 1st thoracic ganglia

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28
Q

Most anterior structure in viscera

A

thyroid gland

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29
Q

Thyroid gland lies anterior and lateral to the

A

trachea

30
Q

Posterior to the thyroid and embedded in the gland are

A

the parathyroid glands, typically 2 pairs, superior and inferior

31
Q

Parathyroid glands supplied by

A

superior thyroid artery from the external carotid and the inferior thyroid from the thyrocervical trunk from the subclavian

32
Q

Deep visceral venous drainage goes to

A

thyroid plexus of veins (superior, middle, and inferior)

33
Q

Deep visceral lymphatics

A

prelaryngeal, pretracheal, paratrcheal

34
Q

Deep visceral nerves

A

from superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia which supply vasomotor fibers to the glands

35
Q

thyroid function

A

maintain homeostasis

36
Q

parathyroid function

A

calcium regulation

37
Q

if someone has a thyroid tumor,

A

remove it, and give them radioactive iodine

38
Q

The superior thyroid artery and vein run

A

together

39
Q

The thyroid descends from the _____ and can leave____

A

descends from the oral cavity and can leave remnants of thyroid tissue along the descent

40
Q

Parathyroids are typically located ________, but it’s _______.

A

posterior to the thyroid, but it’s variable

41
Q

Larynx consists of

A

laryngeal cartilage, and associated cricoid, epiglottic, corniculate, cuneiform, and arytenoid cartilages (last 3 are paired)

42
Q

Larynx primary function

A

phonation

43
Q

vocal folds attached anteriorly to ______ and posteriorly to_______.

A

ant to laryngeal cartilage and post to the arytenoids

44
Q

Muscles that bring the vocal cords together for phonation

A

lateral crico-arytenoids (adductors) and transverse oblique arytenoids (approximaters)

45
Q

Posterior crico-arytenoids

A

abductors

46
Q

cricothyroid

A

tensors (higher pitch)

47
Q

thyroarytenoid

A

relaxers (lower pitch)

48
Q

epiglottis

A

keeps fluid and food from going into trachea

49
Q

superior thyroid artery gives off

A

superior laryngeal and cricothyroid

50
Q

inferior thyroid gives off

A

inferior laryngeal

51
Q

internal jugular and the inferior laryngeal empties into the

A

inferior thyroid to the left brachiocephalic

52
Q

superior and inferior laryngeal nerves arise from the

A

vagus nerve

53
Q

The superior laryngeal nerve forms the

A

internal (sensation to the inner surface) and the external (to the cricothyroid muscles and sensation to the area)

54
Q

The inferior thyroid artery is from the

A

recurrent laryngeal, supplying all the intrinsic muscles except the cricothyroid

55
Q

tracheostomy location

A

just above the sternum

56
Q

pharynx located

A

between the respiratory and digestive tract (behind the nose and mouth)

57
Q

pharynx located before the _____ and above the _____.

A

before the esophagus and above the thyroid cartilage

58
Q

uvula

A

divides the nasal and oral pharynx

59
Q

The posterior part of the pharynx has 3 pharyngeal constrictors:

A

the superior, middle, and inferior. (overlap and close the back of pharynx)

60
Q

The superior pharyngeal constrictor runs from the pterygoid hamulus and pterygomadibular raphe to

A

the posterior midline pharyngeal raphe and occipital bone

61
Q

the middle pharyngeal constrictor runs from the stylohyoid ligament and hyoid bone to the

A

pharyngeal raphe

62
Q

The inferior pharyngeal constrictor runs from the thyroid and cricoid cartilage to the

A

pharyngo-esophageal junction

63
Q

Pharyngeal constrictors innervated by

A

vagus nerve

64
Q

Stylopharyngeus from styloid process innervated by

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

65
Q

salpingopharyngeus from pharyngtympanic tube innerv

A

vagus

66
Q

palatopharyngeus from hard palate innerv

A

vagus

67
Q

Pharynx innervated by

A

cranial nerves 9-12

68
Q

what 2 muscles come off the styloid process?

A

stylopharyngeal and stylohyoid

69
Q

what muscle comes off the mastoid and runs with the stylohyoid?

A

digastric

70
Q

2 types of tonsils

A

oral and pharyngeal

71
Q

tonsils serve what purpose?

A

fight infections

72
Q

tonsils are referred to as what when swollen?

A

adenoids

Anatomy Exam 3 (7 decks)

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