Skull

Question 1

List the eight bones of the cranium

Answer 1

Frontal, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

Question 2

List the fourteen bones of the face

Answer 2

Nasal (2), maxilla (2), lacrimal (2), zygomatic (2), palantine (2), inferior nasal conchae (2), vomer and mandible

Question 3

From which angle could the lambdoid, squamous, sphenoparietal and occipitomastoid sutures be seen?

Answer 3

Lambdoid suture: posterior skull
Squamous suture: lateral skull
Sphenoparietal suture: lateral skull
Occipitomastoid suture: posterior skull

Question 4

Which structure attaches to the mastoid process?

Answer 4

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 5

Which structure articulates with the occipital condyle?

Answer 5

Superior articular facet of the atlas vertebrae

Question 6

Which bone articulates in the mandibular fossa and which type of joint is this?

Answer 6

Mandible -temperomandibular joint, bilateral synovial articulation

Question 7

What travels in the incisive foramen?

Answer 7

Nasopalantine nerves and sphenopalantine vessels

Question 8

What travels within the greater palantine foramen?

Answer 8

Greater palantine and descending palantine vessels

Question 9

What travels in the foramen ovale (extracranial)?

Answer 9

V3, lesser petrosal nerve and accessory meningeal artery

Question 10

What travels in the foramen spinosum?

Answer 10

Middle meningeal artery

Question 11

What travels in the carotid canal?

Answer 11

Internal carotid artery

Question 12

What travels in the jugular foramen?

Answer 12

CN9, 10, 11, sigmoid sinus and internal jugular vein

Question 13

What travels in the foramen magnum?

Answer 13

Brainstem and CN11

Question 14

What travels in the foramen lacerum?

Answer 14

Pterygoid canal artery and nerve

Question 15

What travels in the stylomastoid foramen?

Answer 15

Facial nerve and stylomastoid artery

Question 16

Why is the foramen lacerum not seen on a wet skull?

Answer 16

Filled with fibrocartilage

Question 17

Describe the borders of the anterior intracranial fossa

Answer 17

Anterior: Frontal bone
Posterior: Anterior clinoid process and lesser wing of the sphenoid and posterior part of the frontal bone

Question 18

Describe the borders of the middle intracranial fossa

Answer 18

Anterior: Anterior edge of chiasmatic sulcus of body of the sphenoid
Posterior: Dorsum sellae and petrous part of the temporal bone

Question 19

Describe the borders of the posterior intracranial fossa

Answer 19

Anterior: Posterior edge of dorsum sellae and clivus
Posterior: Squamous part of occipital bone to the level of the transverse groove

Question 20

What runs through the foramen ovale (intracranial)?

Answer 20

Mandibular branch (V3) of CN5 and a branch of glossopharyngeal

Question 21

What runs through the foramen rotundum (intracranial)?

Answer 21

Maxillary branch (V2) of CN5

Question 22

What lies in the cribiform plate (intracranial)?

Answer 22

Olfactory bulb of CN1

Question 23

What travels through the optic canal (intracranial)?

Answer 23

CN2 and ophthalmic artery

Question 24

What travels in the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 24

Facial nerve
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Labyrinthine artery

Question 25

What travels in the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 25

V1 CN3(nferior and superior), CN4, CN6
superior ophthalmic vein
inferior ophthalmic vein
sympathetic fibres from cavernous plexus

Question 26

What are the four sinuses of the skull?

Answer 26

Frontal, ethmoid cells, maxilla, and sphenoid

Question 27

What is the pterion?

Answer 27

Weakest part of the skull-lies in front of middle meningeal artery (2/3 of the time) 2 bumps at orbital margin-measure from the smaller one. 2.6 cm behind and 1.3 cm above posterolateral margin of the frontozygyomatic suture.