Pharynx and Larynx Flashcards
Superior inferior anterior posterior limitations of the pharynx
Superior- base of skull
Inferior-upper border of esophagus at C6
Anterior-gap
Posterior-two sides of each muscle fuse at pharyngeal raphe
Superior Constrictor muscle attachments
Superior-medial plate of pterygoid process of sphenoid bone + pharyngotympanic tube + petrous part of temporal bone + pharyngeal tubercle + pterygoid hamulus + pterygomandibular raphe
Middle constrictor muscle attachments
Stylohyoid ligament
Greater and lesser horn of hyoid bone
Inferior constrictor muscle attachments
Oblique line of thyroid cartilage and cricothyroid muscle
Longitudinal pharyngeal muscles
Salpingopharyngeus
palatopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus (CN9)
Innervation of pharyngeal muscles
All vagus except stylopharyngeus which is glossopharyngeal
Posterior part of pretracheal fascia above C6
Buccopharyngeal fascia
fascial layer between mucosa and constrictor muscles
Pharyngobasilar fascia
What runs between superior constrictor and middle constrictor (oropharyngeal triangle)
Stylopharyngeus muscle
CN9
CN12
Lingual nerve and vessels
What runs between middle constrictor and inferior constrictor
Internal laryngeal vessels and branch of superior laryngeal nerve
What runs below inferior constrictor muscle
Recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior laryngeal vessels
Path of recurrent laryngeal nerves
Left-under arch of aorta
Right-under subclavian artery
Features of nasopharynx
Adenoid/pharyngeal tonsil
Pharyngotympanic/ Eustachian tube
Features of oropharynx
Palatoglossal arch
Palatine tonsil
Palatopharyngeal arch
Arterial supply and venous drainage of pharynx
Branches of external carotid and subclavian artery
Drained by pterygoid plexus
Sensory innervation of pharynx
nasopharynx-V2
oropharynx - CN9
laryngopharynx- CN10
Main cartilages of larynx
Epiglottis cartilage Thryoid cartilage Arytenoid cartilage Cricoid cartilage Cuneiform cartilage Corniculate cartilage
How does arytenoid cartilage affect vocal chords
External rotation-abduction
Internal rotation-adduction
Features of thyroid cartilage
Superior thyroid notch laryngeal prominence Inferior notch Thyrohyoid membrane Oblique line
Most important muscle of larynx
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Muscle that abducts vocal chords to allow for breathing
One half damaged=hoarse voice
Innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve
innervation of cricothyroid muscle
Internal laryngeal
Key ligaments of larynx
Cricothyroid ligament
Superior thickened edge of cricothyroid ligament is the vocal ligament
Above that, attaching to arytenoid cartilage is vestibular ligament
Blood supply to larynx
Superior and inferior laryngeal arteries which orginate from superior and inferior thyroid arteries
Significance of lymphatic drainage in larynx
Runs with laryngeal arteries above the vocal chords and the thyroid arteries below the vocal chords
