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Infection > Skin + Soft tissue Infections > Flashcards

Skin + Soft tissue Infections Flashcards

1
Q

what is erysipelas?

A

infection of the upper dermis

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2
Q

causative organism of erysipelas?

A

strep. pyogenes

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3
Q

clinical features of erysipelas?

A
  • mostly occurs in face and limbs
  • raised erythematous area
  • systemically unwell; fever etc
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4
Q

what is cellulitis?

A

infection in the deep dermis and subcutaneous fat layer

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5
Q

clinical features of cellulitis?

A
  • spreading erythematous area with no borders
  • fever
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6
Q

causative organism of cellulitis?

A

50/50 staph or strep

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7
Q

treatment of cellulitis?

A

flucloxacillin

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8
Q

outline the 3 hair associated infections

A
  • folliculitis
  • furunculosis
  • carbuncles
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9
Q

what is folliculitis?

A

pustular infection of a single hair follicle

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10
Q

clinical features of folliculitis and most likely causative organism?

A
  • red papules visible
  • usually occur on head, buttocks and extremities
  • staph aureus
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11
Q

what is furunculosis?

A

inflammatory infection of a single hair follicle

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12
Q

clinically in furunculosis? most likely causative organism?

A
  • may spontaenously drain
  • may extend into dermis/ subcutaneous layer
  • staph aureus
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13
Q

what is a carbuncle?

A

an abscess encomapssing many adjacent hair follicles

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14
Q

clinically with a carbuncle?

A

systemically unwell

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15
Q

treatment of carbuncle?

A

antibiotics & surgery

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16
Q

what are the types of necrotising fasciitis?

A
  1. Mixed anaerobes and aerobe infection
    - requires urgent surgery
  2. Monomicrobial
    - strep pyogenes
17
Q

what is seen clinically in necrotising fasciitis?

A
  • sequential progression of
    • erythema
    • oedema
    • unremitting pain
    • haemorrhagic bullae
    • skin necrosis
      • systemic symptoms ie hypotension
18
Q

treatment of necrotising fasciitis?

A

broad-spectrum antibiotics

  • gentamicin/ fluclox / clindamycin
19
Q

what is pyomyositis?

A

this is an abscess formation within a muscle

20
Q

clinically in pyomyositis?

A
  • systemic symptoms ie fever, pain
    • if untreated, can lead to septic shock
  • must investigate with MRI/ CT
21
Q

causative organism & treatment of pyomyositis?

A
  • s.aureus
  • antibiotics + drainage
22
Q

how may you get septic bursitis?

A

spread from adjacent infection

23
Q

ddx of septic bursitis and how can you distinguish ?

A

septic arthritis

get patient to bend knee and if relatively painless, most likely NOT septic arthritis

24
Q

clinically in septic bursitis?

A
  • swollen
  • warmth
  • erythema
  • fever
25
Q

diagnosis of septic bursitis? most common causative organism?

A
  • diagnosis –> aspiration of fluid
  • staph aureus
26
Q

what is infectious tenosynovitis?

A

infection of the synovial sheath surrounding tendons

27
Q

where does infectious tenosynovitis usually arise? most common causative organism?

A
  • usually in the common flexor tendons of the hand
  • staph aureus
28
Q

clinically in infectious tenosynovitis?

A
  • swelling of finger
  • held in semi flexed positon
29
Q

treatment of infectious tenosynovitis?

A

antibiotics and surgery

30
Q

what are toxin-mediated syndromes caused by?

A

superantigens which release pyogenic endotoxins, which attach directly to T cells

31
Q

what does toxin 1 cause?

A
  • causes toxic shock syndrome (staph & strep)
    • fever
    • hypotension
    • rash
    • organ failure
32
Q

what is staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome caused by?

  • what are the symptoms
  • in what age group does it usually occur
A

by exotoxins of staph aureus- toxins A & B

  • widespread bullae
  • skin exfoliation
  • fever
  • mostly occurs in <5’s
33
Q

venflon-associated infections are usually caused by what organisms?

A
  • MRSA
  • methicillin sensitive staph aureus

Infection (3 decks)

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