Skin Infections & Viruses Flashcards
What causes most surface infections in kids?
Step (mostly Pyogenes) Or Staph (mostly Aureus)
How are strep & staph treated?
Penicillin for strep
Flucloxacillin for Staph
What causes Scarlet Fever?
Strep A (Strep Pyogenes) via exotoxins
What age group get scarlet fever?
2-10yrs
How would scarlet fever present?
Malaise, fever & Tonsilitis
Exanthema & Strawberry tongue
Late (1-2wks) squamation of hands/feet
How is Scarlet fever treated?
10 days penicillin
What non-infective diseases could cause fever and rashes like a strep/staph infection?
Kawasaki’s Disease
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
What happens in Kawasaki’s Disease?
Self-limiting Vasculitis of medium sized arteries
How do you diagnose Kawasaki’s?
Fever for 5 days + 4 of:
- Bilateral Conjunctival Injection
- Cervical Lymphadenopathy
- Polymorphous Rash
- Extremities changes
- Mucous membrane changes (e.g. strawberry tongue)
Can also get peripheral oedema & erythema + Periungual Desquamation
How can you test for Kawasaki’s?
You can’t its a clinical diagnose specifically but can do other non-specific tests e.g. FBC, ESR/CRP & maybe an Echo to look out for coronary artery vasculitis
Important to rule out Strep Pyogenes
How do you treat Kawasaki’s Disease?
It’s self limiting so you’re only trying to protect from complications e.g. Coronary Art Vasculitis:
- Immunoglobulins
- Aspirin
- Immunosuppressants
List 4 things that cause an erythematous rash?
Meningitis
Scarlet Fever
Kawasaki’s
Henoch-Scholein Purpura
What is HSP?
Vasculitis of Skin, kidneys & ~GI tract
Present with persistant fever, red rash and purpura (may resemble meningococcal rash)
What things cause a vesicular rash?
Viruses e.g. VZV, HSV or Enteroviruses
Kid presents with malaise & fever but not really unwell
A disseminated exanthema with vesicles at various stages of crusting
Very itchy
Likely diagnosis?
Varicella Zoster Virus aka Chicken Pox