Skin, hair, nails (Lab 16) Flashcards
bluish discoloration of the hands and feet; may be present at birth and may persist for several days or longer if the newborn is kept in cool ambient temperatures
acrocyanosis
hair loss
alopecia
pathcy, non-scarring, asymmetric hair loss occurring in sharply defined areas of the scalp or beard
alopecia areata
shaped like a ring; used to describe a lesion that forms a ring around a clear center of normal skin
annular
thinning of skin surface and loss of skin markings; skin translucent and paper-like
atrophy
vesicle greater than 1 cm in diameter
bulla
a diffuse, acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
cellulitis
a facial discoloration common during pregnancy; aka mask of pregnancy
chloasma
referring to lesions that run together
confluent
dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates; slightly elevated; size varies; brown, red, black, tan, or straw-colored
crust
a marbled or mottled appearancce of the skin of a newborn when exposed to decreased temperatures; occurs because the newborn’s immature vascular system is unable to adapt to temperature changes
cutis marmorata
elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion; in dermis or subcutaneous layer; filled with liquid or semi-solid material
cyst
referring to a lesion that follows a nerve or segment of the body
dermatomal
a contusion or a bruise
ecchymosis
common inflammatory skin disorder presenting with pruritic papulovesicular lesions
eczematous dermatitis
loss of part of the epidermis; depressed, moist, glistening; follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla
erosion
a common transient benign condition seen in newborns during the first week consisting of generalized small papules or pustules
erythema toxicum
loss of the peidermis; linear hollowed-out, crusted area
excoriation
linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis; may be moist or dry
fissure
inflammation and infection of the hair follicle and surrounding dermis
folliculitis
a deep-seated infection of the pilosebaceous unit
furuncle
a skin coloration that occurs in some newborns in response to changes in position
harlequin color change
irregular-shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar; grows beyond the boundaries of the wound; caused by excessive collagen formation during healing
keloid
fine, silky hair of newborn’s skin
lanugo
rough, thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation; often involves flexor surface of extremity
lichenification
a flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin; less than 1 cm in diameter
macule
areas of deep bluish-gray pigmentation most commonly on the sacral aspect of a newborn
mongolian spots
maculopapular lesions that becomes confluent on the face and body
morbilliform
a mole that varies in size and color
nevus
elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion; deeper in dermis than papule; 1 to 2 cm in diameter
nodule
an elevated, firm, circumscribed area; less than 1 cm in diameter
papule
flat, nonpalpable, irregular shaped macule greater than 1 cm in diameter
patch
tiny, flat purple or red spots on the skin surface, resulting from minute hemorrhages within the dermal layer
petechiae
common self-limiting exanthematous rash whose onset is marked by a “herald patch”
pityriasis rosea
elevated, firm, and rough lesion with flat top surface greater than 1 cm in diameter
plaque
a chronic recurrent disease of keratin synthesis
psoriasis
elevated, superficial lesion; similar to a vesicle but filled with purulent fluid
pustule
flat, deep pink localized areas usually seen on the mid-forehead, eyelids, upper lip, and back of a newborn
salmon patches (stork bites)
heaped-up, keratinized cells; flaky skin; irregular, thick or thin; dry or oily; variation in size
scale
thin to thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin following injury or laceration to the dermis
scar
lipid substance that keeps skin and hair from drying out
sebum
refers to a star-shaped lesion
stellate
fine, irregular, red line produced by capillary dilation
telangiectasia
a group of noncandidal fungal infection
tinea
elevated and solid lesion; may or may not be clearly demarcated; deeper in dermis; greater than 2cm in diameter
tumor
short fine nonpigmented hair
vellus hair
a mixture of sebum and cornified epidermis that covers the infant’s body at birth
vernix caseosa
elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not into dermis; filled with serous fluid; less than 1 cm in diameter
vesicle
elevated, irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient, variable diameter
wheal
loss of epidermis and dermis; concave, varies in size
ulcer
