Abdominal Vocabulary (Lab 11/12) Flashcards
a balloon-like swelling of the wall of an artery, vein, or heart; generally the result of a congenital defect in the wall or degenerative disease or infection
aneurysm
loss of appetite
anorexia
abnormal intraperitoneal accumulation of serous fluid
ascites
a palpation technique used in detecting or examining a floating object in the body
ballottement
a gurgling, splashing sound heard over the large intestine; caused by passage of flatus through the intestine
borborygmi
inflammation of the gallbladder
cholecystitis
stone formation in the gallbladder
cholelithiasis
a chronic disease of the liver characterized by fibrosis and alteration of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules
cirrhosis
spasm in any hollow tubular soft organ accompanied by pain
colic
difficult defecation; infrequent defecation with passage of unduly hard dry fecal material; sluggish action of the bowels; less than three bowel movements per week
constipation
frequent liquid or loose stools lasting less than four weeks in duration
diarrhea
painful or difficult bowel movement
dyschezia
imperfect digestion. not a disease in itself but symptomatic of other disorders. characterized by vague abdominal discomfort a sense of fullness after eating, eructation, heartburn, nausea and comiting and loss of appetit
dyspepsia
difficulty in swallowing
dysphagia
an abnormal tube like passage from a normal cavity or tube to a free surface or to another cavity. may be congenital due to incomplete closure of part of may result from abscesses, injuries, or inflammatory processes
fistula
burning gnawing pain in mid-epigastrium worsens with recumbency
gastroesophageal reflux
vomiting of blood
hematemesis
passage of stool containing blood
hematochezia
inflammation of the liver resulting on diffuse or patchy infiltrates
hepatitis
protrusion of an organ or tissue through an opening in the muscle wall
hernia
dilation of the renal pelvis and calces due to obstruction
hydronephrosis
pigmentation of the tissues , membranes, and secretions of the eye with bile pigment
icterus
prolapse or telescoping of one segment of intestine into another, causing intestinal obstruction
intussusception
disorder of intestinal motility
irritable bowel syndrome
a condition characterized by yellowness of the skin, mucous membranes, and body fluids due to deposition of bile pigment resulting from excess bilirubin in the blood
jaundice
abdominal pain radiating to the left shoulder, due to peritoneal irritation from blood or other irritants
kehr sign
evacuations resembling tar, due to actions of intestinal juices on free blood
melena
fan-shaped fold of peritoneum that holds the small intestine to the abdominal wall
mesentery
wavelike motion by which the alimentary tract propels its content
peristalsis
infection of the kidney
pyelonephritis
narrowing of the pyloric orrifice. this may be due to excessive thickening of the circular muscle of the pylorus or hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the mucosa and submucosa
pyloric stenosis
distal section of the stomach
pylorus
a percussion sound obtained when the body part can vibrate freely
resonance
a return or backward flow
reflux
streaks or lines (with a silvery white or purple hue); skin striae result from weakening of the elastic tissue associated with pregnancy, weight gain, rapid growth periods, and high levels of corticosteroids.
striae
a low pitched, resonant, drumlike sound heard while percussing the surface of a large, air containing body space
tympany
twisting of the intestine resulting in obstruction
volvulus
