skin, hair, and nails

Question 1

accessory structures

Answer 1

hair, nails, sweatglands, sebaceous glands

Question 2

what is skin considered

Answer 2

body organ, an elastic, self-generating cover for entire body

Question 3

functions of integumentary system

Answer 3

protects the body from invasion
protects internal body structured from physical trauma
helps retain body fluids and electrolytes
produces vitamin d
helps regulate body temperature

Question 4

what should you provide when inspecting the skin?

Answer 4

adequate lighting

Question 5

why is natural light good?

Answer 5

best for detecting subtly color changes, especially for clients who have dark skin tones

Question 6

when insepecting the skin you should…..

Answer 6

make sure the room is room temperature and have client remove wig/hair coverings

Question 7

tatto assessment

Answer 7

use inspection and palpation
tattoos can make rash or color changes
skin cancer is more common in locations where tattoos have been removed

Question 8

when assessing the color of the hair, nails, and skin what should you be assessing for?

Answer 8

uniformity

• skin color should be consistent over most areas of bosy

Question 9

what do other skin odors indicate?

Answer 9

infection

Question 10

extremities should be

Answer 10

symmetric and similar to rest of body

Question 11

what side of hand do you palpate for temperature?

Answer 11

dorsal

Question 12

are slight cooloer temperarures of hands and feet acceptable?

Answer 12

yes

Question 13

how do you assess skin turgor?

Answer 13

lifting and releasing a fold of skin on the forearm or sternum of an adult to verify that it returns quickly into place

Question 14

tenting

Answer 14

delay in the skin returning to its usaly place

- indicates dehydration- increasing the risk for skin breakdown

Question 15

where is the best place on the body to inspect the color change

Answer 15

palms, soles of feet, lips, tongue, and nail beds

Question 16

pallor

Answer 16

loss of color
in black skin tones=gray change
in brown skin tones= yellow-brown
in white skin tones= loss of red undertones

Question 17

where can you check pallor?

Answer 17

face, conjunctivae, nail beds, palms, lips, buccal mucosa

Question 18

cyanosis

Answer 18

bluish for light skin tones in general

dark skin tones=on palms and soles

Question 19

location of cyanosis

Answer 19

nail beds, lips, mouth muscosa, skin, palms

Question 20

jaundice

Answer 20

yellow to orange

Question 21

location of jaundice

Answer 21

skin, sclera, mucous membranes, changes best detected in the sclera fo right skin tones and oral mucous membranes or hard palate for darker skin tones
- clients who have dark skin= expected finding to have a yellow tinge and or yellow color sclera

Question 22

erthema

Answer 22

redness

• clients who have darker skin can be hard to see
• palpate skin for warmth; inflamed areas feel more firm or wood like and can be tender

Question 23

location for erythema

Answer 23

face, skim, trauma and pressure sore areas

Question 24

pressure sore

Answer 24

layers of skin eroding due to preassure

Question 25

when insepcting hair what shoud you be looking for?

Answer 25

surface characteristics, hair distribution, texture, quanitity and color

Question 26

hair surface charteristics

Answer 26

smooth without flaking, scaling, redness, or lesions, shiny and soft

Question 27

what does a varied growth hormone represent

Answer 27

indicate hormone alterations

Question 28

hair loss=

Answer 28

inadquate prefusion

Question 29

clubbing=

Answer 29

chronic low oxygen related to heart and lung disease

Question 30

skin lesions should be examined for:

Answer 30

size, color, shape, consistency, elevation, location, distribution, configuration, tenderness, fluid, and drainage

Question 31

where do primary lesions arise from

Answer 31

healthy skin tissue

Question 32

examples of primary lesions

Answer 32

macule
freckle
petechiae
papule
nodule
wart
wesicle
blister
tumor

Question 33

atrophy

Answer 33

thinning of skin with loss of normal skin furrow. shin is shinny and translucent

Question 34

erosion

Answer 34

lost epidermis, moist surface, no bleeding: scab

Question 35

scale

Answer 35

flakes of skin that exfoliate

Question 36

fissure

Answer 36

linear crack

Question 37

ulcer

Answer 37

loss of epidermis and dermis with possible bleeding, scarring

Question 38

common exmaple of skin lesions in adults

Answer 38

• primary contact dermatitis- usually from jewerly
• tinea pedis (ringworm of the foot)
• psoriasis

Question 39

common exmples of skin lesions in older adults

Answer 39

• lentigines (liver spots)
• seborrheic keratosis
• dermatosis papulosa nigra, a form of seborrheic kertaosis with possible tag like lesions