Skin, Hair and Nails Flashcards
What is the integumentary system?
Skin, hair, glands producing oil and sweat, nails and sensory receptors
What are the functions of the integumentary system?
Thermoregulation, stores blood, protection, detect cutaneous sensation, excretion and absorption and vit D synthesis
What are the layers of the skin?
Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer (inner most)
What is the epidermis?
keratinised stratified squamous epithelium, 5 layers CLGSB
What are the 4 cell types of the epidermis?
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, merkel cells
Keratinocyte function
Produce keratin and lamellar granules
Melanocyte function
Produce melanin pigment, susceptible to UV damage
Langerhan function
Macrophages, immune response, easily damaged by UV
Merkel cell function
Tactile, deep, detect touch sensation
What are the layers of the epidermis
Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Spinosum
Bassale
Features of the dermis
Dense, irregular CT, collagen and elastin for tensile strength, blood vessels
What are the 2 regions of the dermis?
Papillary region (thin) and reticular (thicker)
What aspects of the skin are important in immunity?
Keratin-protects from microbes
Melanin-protect from UV
Macrophages-intraepidermal and dermal
Sebum-oily with bactericidal chemicals
What is striae more commonly known as?
Stretch marks
What forms finger prints?
Epidermal ridges
What 3 pigments determine skin colour?
Melanin, Hb and carotene
What is albinism?
Genetic condition with the inability to produce melanin
What is albinism?
Genetic condition with the inability to produce melanin
What is vitiligo?
Partial or complete loss of melanocytes on patches of skin
What is jaundice?
Build up of bilirubin
What is the structure of hair?
Hair shaft, root, (follicle around root, bulb at base of follicle), arrector pili muscle and sebaceous gland
What hair type do babies have?
Lanugo
Where is terminal hair?
Eyebrows, eyelashes, scalp
Where is vellus hair?
Puberty spaces
What is dark hair rich in?
Eumelanin
What is blond/red hair rich in?
Pheomelanin variants
What are 5 layers of nails?
Free edge, nail body, lunula, eponychium and nail root
