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Derm > Skin Disorders > Flashcards

Skin Disorders Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Which peptides are involved in innate immunity of the skin?

A

alpha-defensins (hNP1, 2) –found in PMNs & keratinocytes
beta-defensins (hBD1, 2, 3) –anti-microbial
cathelicidin (hCAP-18) –cysteine protease inhib., anti-microbial
psoriasin & RNase7 –anti-fecal gram-neg bacteria

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2
Q

What is the etiologic agent with HPV?

A

Papovavirus infection

non-enveloped dsDNA virus

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3
Q

What is the etiologic agent with HSV?

A 
Herpesvirus infection
(large, enveloped dsDNA virus with icosadeltahedral capsid)
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4
Q

What is the etiologic agent with VZV?

A

Herpesvirus

smallest genome of human herpes viruses

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5
Q

What is the etiologic agent with impetigo?

A

beta-hemolytic streptococci

s. pyogenes and s. aureus

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6
Q

What is the etiologic agent with cellulitis?

A

Infections through breaks in the skin

erysipelas assc’d with s. pyogenes

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7
Q

What is the etiologic agent with syphilis ?

A

Sexually transmitted

Spirochete treponema pallidum infection

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8
Q

What is the etiologic agent with dermatophyte infections?

A

Superficial fungal infections from humans, animals, and formites
trichophyton family

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9
Q

What is the etiologic agent with candidiasis?

A

Mucous membranes and skin infections esp. with diabetes, occulsion, corticosteroids, and broad spectrum antibiotics
esp. candida albicans

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10
Q

What is the etiologic agent with tinea versicolor?

A

Malassezia furfur infection

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11
Q

What is the etiologic agent with scabies?

A

Mites, Sarcoptes scabiei: hominis

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12
Q

What is the etiologic agent with a lice infection?

A

Mites, pediculus humanus
bloodsucking, wingless insect
^ often mistaken for yo’ mama

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13
Q

What is the clinical utility of a Tzanck smear?

A

Demonstrate nuclear morphology

Check for HSV and VZV

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14
Q

What is the clinical utility of a gram stain?

A

Check for s. pyogenes in bullae fluid with impetigo

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15
Q

What is the clinical utility of KOH prep?

A

Enhance visualization of hyphae and yeast

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16
Q

What is the clinical utility of mineral oil for scabies?

A

Use a small drop of mineral oil on skin to gently scrape off a skin sample to trap mites, eggs, and/or feces in the oil

17
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of HPV?

A

Verruca

18
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of HSV?

A

Grouped vesicles on an erythematous base
1 - oral
2 - oral and genital

19
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of VZV?

A

Varicella - maculopapular lesions “dew drop on rose petal”

Zoster - grouped vesicles on erythematous base along a dermatome

20
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of impetigo?

A

Non-bullous: face then extremities, erythematous macule with superficial blister, honey-colored yellow crust

Bullous: superficial, flaccid blister, occasional layered pus
Staphy. scalded skin syndrome = diffuse superficial blisters over large areas of the body

21
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of cellulits?

A

ill-defined non-palpable painful erythema on extremities

patients may progress to septicemia

22
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of syphilis?

A

papule that breaks down to produce an oval ulcer
non-pruritic papulosquamous lesions with varying scale
nonscarring moth-eaten alopecia
condylomata lata
oral erosions

23
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of candidiasis?

A

thrush, diaper rash, vulvovaginitis, balanitis

24
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of tinea versicolor?

A

asymptomatic, fawn colored subtly scaly macules that may develop into large patches

25
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of scabies?

A

erythematous papules, wavy thread-like gray-white burrows

26
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of a lice infection?

A

intense pruritus, erythema, scale, secondary infection

Derm (8 decks)

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