Skin Diseases and Ailments Flashcards
• a skin condition characterized by areas of dark, velvety discoloration in body folds and creases
• affected skin can become thickened
• often affects armpits, groin and neck
acanthosis nigricans
• a common human skin disease, characterized by areas of skin with seborrhea (scaly red skin), comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules (pinheads), pustules (pimples), nodules (large papules) and possibly scarring
acne vulgaris (or cystic acne)
• bluish discoloration of extremities which is typically symmetrical
• marked by a mottled blue or red discoloration of the skin on the fingers and wrists and the toes and ankles
acrocyanosis
• also called “solar keratosis” and “senile keratosis”
• a premalignant condition of thick, scaly, or crusty patches of skin
• more common in fair-skinned people
• associated with those who are frequently exposed to the sun, as it is usually accompanied by solar damage
actinic keratosis
• called primary adrenal insufficiency; adrenal glands don’t make enough cortisol, or less often, aldosterone
• manifestation on skin: blotchy, dark tanning and freckles which usually occur on forehead, knees, elbows, and along scars, skin folds, and creases, i.e. on palms and may appear also on gums
Addison’s disease
• also called facial angiofibromas
• facial rash that appears as a spread of small pink or red spots across the cheeks and nose in a butterfly distribution
• usually symmetrical and most commonly occur in the nasolabial folds
adenoma sebaceum
• an inherited disease characterized by a substantially lower rate of melanin production, characterized by complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes.
albinism
• also known as a canker sore; a type of mouth ulcer that presents as a painful open sore inside the mouth or upper throat characterized by a break in the mucous membrane
aphthous ulcer
• an acute, highly contagious infection of the superficial layers of the
epidermis primarily caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus
impetigo
• occurs on intact skin of intertriginous areas such as the neck, the axillary and crural folds, and the diaper area, but may appear on the face or anywhere on the body
• characterized by vesicles that rapidly progress to small or large (usually less than 3 cm), superficial, thin-roofed, flaccid, and transparent bullae containing clear, yellow fluid that subsequently turns cloudy and dark yellow, which rupture easily, leaving a rim of scale around an erythematous moist base
bullous impetigo
• an abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin
carbuncle
• a noncancerous (benign) skin growth made up of blood vessels
• appears as smooth, cherry-red bump on the skin, usually on the trunk of the body, but can occur nearly anywhere
cherry angioma
• a red, itchy rash caused by direct contact with a substance or an allergic reaction to it
contact dermatitis
• skin lesion in which a cone-shaped protuberance arises on the skin caused by overgrowth of the epidermis
cutaneous horn
• also called fibroepithelial polyp, acrochordon, cutaneous papilloma, and soft fibroma
• benign (noncancerous), painless skin growths resembling a small, soft balloon suspended on a slender stalk
• can vary in number from one to hundred
cutaneous tag (skin tag)
• hard papules (rounded bumps) that may appear in a variety of colors, usually brownish to tan. Although typical dermatofibromas cause little or no discomfort, itching and tenderness can occur.
dermatofibroma
• a form of dermatitis, or inflammation of the epidermis
• characterized by tiny blisters (vesicles) that can weep and ooze, eventually producing crusted, thickened plaques of skin
eczema
• also called sebaceous, keratin, or epithelial cysts
• small, hard lumps that develop under the skin
epidermoid cyst
• a widespread nonspecific skin rash, commonly characterized by generalized eruption of erythematous macules and papular lesions.
exanthema
• a common skin condition in which hair follicles become inflamed
• usually caused by a bacterial or fungal infection
• may look like small red bumps or white-headed pimples around hair follicles at first, then infection can spread and turn into nonhealing, crusty sore
folliculitis