Skin, definitions & lesions

Question 0

What is the main type of skin

Answer 0

Keratinocytes

Question 1

Why type of tissue is skin

Answer 1

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 2

Desquamation refers to

Answer 2

Maturation of keratinocytes as they move toward the surface of the skin and ultimately die & shed.

Question 3

Thick skin in comparison to normal skin

Answer 3

Thicker skin has an additional lucidum layer

2-3 layers of flattened keratinocytes

Question 4

How many layers are present in the basal layer

Answer 4

1 layer

Question 5

Pacinian corpuscle

Answer 5

Pressure and high frequency vibrations

Largest if encapsulated nerve endings

Question 6

Holocrine process is when

Answer 6

The entire cell is shed in the secretory process

Question 7

Most abundant tissue of the dermis

Answer 7

Collagen 70%

Question 8

How does the blood supply to dermis change in cold weather?

Answer 8

Arteriovenous anatomoses open and blood flow bypasses the capillary loop-blood is transferred directly from arterioles to venues to conserve heat

Question 9

Factors affecting drug distribution

Answer 9

Blood flow
Plasma protein binding
Tissue protein binding
Barriers to distribution

Question 10

Plasma protein binding depends on

Answer 10

Affinity of drug for protein
Concentrations of drug & protein
Number of binding sites on the protein

Question 11

Free drug + protein =

Answer 11

Drug protein complex (reversible)

Question 12

Macule

Answer 12

Localised area of clout or textural change in skin. Can be:

• hyoerpigmented
• erythematous as in haemamgioma

Question 13

Papule

Answer 13

Small solid elevation of skin <5mm

Question 14

Nodule

Answer 14

Elevation of skin >5mm involving any layer, may be oedematous or solid

Question 15

Cyst

Answer 15

Nodule consisting of an epithelial lined cavity filled with fluid or semisolid material

Question 16

Vesicle

Answer 16

Small blister <10mm diameter
Clear fluid accumulated within the epidermis
Dermatitis herpetiformis (sub epidermal)
Intra-epidermal vesicles

Question 17

Bulla

Answer 17

Large blister > 10mm diameter

May be intra or sub epidermal

Question 18

Pustule

Answer 18

Visible collection of free pus in vesicles/bulla
May indicate infection
(Unless in psoriasis)

Question 19

Wheal

Answer 19

Transitory, compressible papule/plaque of dermal oedema, red/white, signifying urticaria

Question 20

Plaque

Answer 20

Palpable/plaque-like elevation of skin

2cm diameter rarely >5mm height

Question 21

Scale

Answer 21

Accumulation of thickened, horny layer keratin in the form of readily detachable fragments
Usually indicate inflammatory change & thickening of epidermis

Question 22

Ulcer

Answer 22

Circumscribed area of skin loss extending through epidermis into dermis (chronic wound)