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MSK 2 - AH > Skin - Dami + Pathoma > Flashcards

Skin - Dami + Pathoma Flashcards

1
Q

What has a mutation in NER?

RF for what?

A

Xeroderma pigmentosum

SCC

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3
Q

Actinic keratosis that worsen may progress to what?

Involvement of the lip is called what?

A

Cutaneous SCC

Actinic cheilitis

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5
Q

What is Breslow thickness?

A

Distance from sup. Epidermal granular cell layer to deepest intradermal tumor

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6
Q

Multiple BCC before age 20, increased medulloblastomas and ovarian fibromas is what?

Inheritance?

A

NBCCS / Gorlin syndrome

AD

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8
Q

What presents as an elevated nodule w/central ulcerated crater surrounded by telangiectasia vessels? Where?

Ulcerated nodular mass on lower lip?

A

BCC - upper lip

SCC

Bull
Shit

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9
Q

What is < 1 cm in diameter and causes a “cutaneous horn”?

A

Actinic keratosis

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10
Q

What type of melanoma is most common?

What kind of growth?

A

Superficial

Horizontal

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11
Q

Tx of actinic keratosis?

What mechanism?

A

Imiquimod

activates TLRs

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16
Q

What is the most important cause of SCC?

Incidence is proportional to what?

A

DNA damage from UVB light

Lifetime sun exposure

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17
Q

What is an ephelis?]

Occurs bc of what?

A

Freckle

Increased # of melanosomes

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18
Q

What has morphology of peripheral palisading w/clefts?

What may happen to the lesions?

A

BCC

Ulcerate

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20
Q

Melanocytic nevus (mole) is a result of what acquired activating mutation?

Precursor lesion for what?

A

RAS or BRAF

Melanoma

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22
Q

Name the layers of the skin from superficial to deep

A 
Corneum 
Lucidum
Granulosum
Spinosum - has desmosomes 
Basalt

Californians love girls string bikinis

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23
Q

Lentiginous hyperplasia, melanin incontinence, and linear fibrosis surrounding epidermal rete ridges is what morphology?

A

Dysplastic nevi

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24
Q

Familial melanoma on what chromosome and mutation?

A

9, p16 mutation

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26
Q

What has morphology of keratin pearls, intercellular bridges w/prominent nucleoli?

A

SCC

27
Q

Blue nevus potential for malignancy?

If yes, for what?

A

No, blue-black nodule

Assoc w/fibrosis

28
Q

Melanoma has mutation in what?

A

CDKN2A
RAS
BRAF
TERT

30
Q

What type of melanoma is the worst type due to vertical growth?

A

Nodular

32
Q

Pearly nodules w/telangiectasia?

A

BCC

35
Q

What is the #1 invasive cancer that is locally aggressive?

Does it metastasize?

Gene mutation?

A

BCC

Rarely

PTCH

36
Q

What occurs in sun damaged skin commonly in the face, arm, dorsum of hands?

What pt population?

What other RFs?

A

Actinic keratosis

Truck drivers

Hydrocarbons, Arsenic, ionizing radiation

37
Q

What are the earliest lesions of moles?

These grow into what?

Finally?

A

Junctional - flat, more often in children

Compound - raised

Intradermal - raised

38
Q

SCC may also occur in what setting?

A

Immunosuppression

I.e. Transplant or steroids

39
Q

What is assoc. w/local invasion of bone or facial sinuses?

Called what?

A

BCC

Rodent ulcer

40
Q

HMB 45 is a stain for what?

A

Melanoma

43
Q

Fitzpatrick scale of 1?

4?

6?

A

Ivory - ginger

Medium brown - ME

STRONG sickle celler

46
Q

Nevus cell nests within the epidermis may be enlarged and often fuse or coalescence w/adjacenct nests is seen in what morphology?

A

Dysplastic nevi

47
Q

Dysplastic nevus potential for malignancy?

If yes, for what?

A

Yes

Convalescent intraepidermal nests - melanoma

49
Q

What is the best prognosticator for melanoma?

A

Depth of invasion aka Breslow Thickness

51
Q

RF for melanoma?

A 
#1 - amount of UVB exposure as a child
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Tanning booth
FH 
Dysplastic nevi
56
Q

Halo nevus potential for malignancy?

If yes, for what? If no, what is it?

A

No

Host immune response w/lymphocytic infiltration

57
Q

Spindle and epithelial (Spitz) nevus potential for malignancy?

If yes, for what?

A

No

Fascicular growth, red-pink nodule

58
Q

What is the most dead of all skin cancer?

inheritance?

Pathogenesis?

A

Melanoma

AD

UVB

59
Q

What develops in non-sun exposed areas as a flat lesion in dark-skinned pts?

Mutation?

A

Acral lentiginous (LE)

KIT

60
Q

What occurs in older man as a mole on the face that is indolent and remains in radial growth for years w/good prognosis?

A

Lentiginous maligna

65
Q

Dysplastic nevus syndrome has mutations in what genes?

Inheritance?

Presents as what, in what age group?

A

LOF CDKN2A or CDK4

AD

50% Melanoma by age 60

66
Q

Name the potential steps of tumor progression in dysplastic nevi:

(Fig. 25-5)

A 
Lentiginous melanocytic hyperplasia
Lentiginous junctional nevus
Lentiginous compound nevus w/abnormal architecture and cytology (dysplastic nevus)
Early melanoma in radial phase
Advanced melanoma in vertical phase
75
Q

Congenital nevus potential for malignancy?

If yes, for what?

A

Yes if large enough

Melanoma

MSK 2 - AH (7 decks)

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