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Dermatology > Skin cancers > Flashcards

Skin cancers Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Most common but least dangerous skin cancer?

A

BCC

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2
Q

Does BCC commonly mets?

A

Rarely but can be locally destructive

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3
Q

Usual age of presentation? Where on skin?

A

Middle age

Sun exposed sites

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4
Q

Risk factors ? (2)

A

Fair skin and UV light exposure

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5
Q

Pattern of sun exposure in BCC?

A

Intermittent sun damage during childhood

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6
Q

Growth over what sort of time period?

A

Slow growing over years

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7
Q

3 types of BCC?

A

Nodular
Superficial
Infiltrative

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8
Q

Morphology of nodular BCC?

A

Raised lesion/nodule that is “pearly”, rolled edge, telangectasia (may have central ulcer/crater)

Usually on face

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9
Q

Morphology of superficial BCC?

A

Red scaly plaque with raised smooth edge

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10
Q

to Dx BCC?

A

Clinical/biopsy

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11
Q

Treatment?
1st line? (conservative)
Medical ?
Surgical ?

A

1) Leave alone and monitor
2) Topical imiquimod or fluorouracil
3) Conventional excision or Mohs surgery

Also - cryotherapy, curretage, photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy

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12
Q

When would you give medical treatments?

A

Superficial lesions at low risk sites

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13
Q

Pre-cursor of SSC found on sun exposed sites typically head which are white/yellow crusts (ass erythema and scale) ?
Slow or fast growing?

A

Actinic keratosis

Slow growing

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14
Q

Dx actinic keratosis ?

A

Clinical/biopsy

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15
Q

T of actinic keratosis?

A

Topical flurouracil/imiquimod
Sun avoidance/sun cream
Cryotherapy

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16
Q

When would you use surgical excision/curettage to treat an actinic keratosis?

A

If atypical, unresponsive to medical treatment or SSC suspected

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17
Q

Pre cursor of SSC that is typically found on shins of older women?

A

Bowens disease

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18
Q

Morphology of bowens ?

A

Slowly enlarging red scaly plaques with flat edge (usually solitary lesion)

19
Q

Surgical T?

Medical T?

A

Cryosurgery, curretage, excision

Imiquimod/fluorouracil

20
Q

2nd most common skin cancer ?

A

SSC

21
Q

SSC - mets ?

A

Potential to metastesize

22
Q

Usual age of presentation?

A

Middle age - sun exposed sites

23
Q

Risk factors?

A

HPV, fair skin, cumulative sun damage over years (chronic exposure - from occupation etc)
Immunosupression (transplant patients)

24
Q

Growth speed?
Morphology?
Ass symptoms from lesion?

A

Growth over months
Firm erythematous plaque
Scale, crust, bleeding, ulceration, itch and tenderness

25
Q

Dx?

A

Biopsy

26
Q

Management?

A

Conventional or Mohs surgery

Screen for mets

27
Q

Melanoma risk factors?

A

Fair skin, sunbeds, immunosuppression, family or personal history

28
Q

Classic history of sun exposure?

A

Intermittent sun damage/severe burning in childhood

29
Q

Different types of melanoma:

Most common type, relatively long radial growth phase (horizontal growth)?

A

Superficial spreading

30
Q

Superficial spreading morphology?

A

Slowly enlarging pigmented lesion (colour variation and irregular border)

31
Q

Type of melanoma that enters straight into vertical growth phase and has worse prognosis? (most aggressive type melanoma)

A

Nodular

32
Q

Nodular morphology? Mets?

A

Darkly pigmented and mets early

33
Q

Most common type in black/asian skin - occurs on palms soles and subungual areas?

A

Acral lentiginous melanoma

34
Q

Non pigmented melanoma?

A

Amelanotic

35
Q

Type of melanoma seen in older men/women typically on the face on chronic sun exposed site (not intermittent) ? Typically is an abnormally growing mole

A

Lentigo maligna

36
Q

Usual presentation of melanoma?

A

Pt presents with a change in what they thought was a mole

37
Q

ABCDE assesment?

A 
Asymmetry
Border (irregular)
Colour (variable)
Diameter (>6mm)
Elevation (or evolution)

Also ugly duckling sign

38
Q

Dx ?

A

Clinical/biopsy

39
Q

For any unusual growing or changing pigmented lesion - what treatment considered ?

Margins with surgical excision?

A

Excision biopsy of entire lesion

Surgical excision with 2mm margins

40
Q

What do we check for prognosis indication?

A

Breslow thickness

41
Q

Breslow thickness allows what?

A

prognosis indication and the extent of local excision thats required or if SNB required

42
Q

Follow up treatment once Dx confirmed ?

A

Wider local excision (to ensure complete removal)

43
Q 
Excision margin based on breslow thickness:
Breslow thickness of - 
a) 0-1mm
b) 1-2mm
c) 2-4mm
d) >4mm ???
A

a) 1cm
b) 1-2cm
c) 2-3cm
d) 3cm

Dermatology (9 decks)

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