skin cancer Flashcards
two types of skin cancer
keratinocyte skin cancers (basal cell and squamous cell)
melanomas
what are benign melanocytes called
melanocytic naevi or moles
which skin cancer is more likely to metastasize
melanoma
where to melanocytes migrate to the skin from
the neural crest
motile cells that move around
ABCDE rule for melanoma
asymmetry border colour diameter (>6mm) evolution
what is the commonest skin cancer in fair skin
keratinocyte skin cancers
features of basal cell carcinoma
slow growing lump painless locally invasive but doesnt spread often translucent skin surgery
features of squamous cell carcinoma
warty or crusted lump or ulcer
arises on sun-damaged skin
grows faster and may be painful
can metastasize if neglected
what are the types of BCC
superficial nodular morphoeic (infilrative) rodent ulcer pigmented
is BCC or SCC seen more in older patients
SCC
what is a keratocanthoma
self-resolving form of SCC
where doe SCCs generally metastasise to
lymph nodes
bone
what are actinic keratoses
precancerous skin lesions
field of abnormality
risk factors for skin cancer
sun exposure/ skin type
genetic susceptibility
immunosuppression
other environmental carcinogens
name genetic diseases that are risk factor for skin cancer
xeroderma pigmentosum
(babies get sunburnt in a few seconds in sun, early photoageing)
oculocutaneous albinism (absence of melanin)
nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin’s syndrome)
recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (butterfly disease, type VII collagen deficiency)
