Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

dermatology > photocarcinogenesis > Flashcards

photocarcinogenesis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what can activate p53

A 
lack of nucleotides
UV radiation
ionizing radiation
oncogene signalling
hypoxia
blockage of transcription
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what can p53 cause to happen

A

cell cycle arrest
DNA repair
block of angiogenesis
apoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what type of damage does UVB cause

A

direct DNA damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what type of damage does UVA cause

A

indirect oxidative damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the two major types of UVB-induced DNA lesion

A

cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers

pyrimidine-pyrimidone photo products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how does UV light cause mutations

A

it induces the formation of covalent linkages producing CPDs and 6,4 photoproducts
UV-induced photoproducts interfere with base pairing during DNA replication and lead to mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are oxidised bases mainly repaired by

A

base excision repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does UVA cause damage

A

oxidation of deoxyguanosine forming 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine
repaired by base excision repair
C-A point mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is UVB DNA damage repaired by

A

nucleotide excision repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do keratinocytes secrete

A

IL-10 and other immunosuppressive molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are mutations in PTCH1 associated with

A

BCC development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is PTCH1

A

human homologue of the drosophila gene patched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does hedgehog signalling do

A

activates the transcription factors GLi1/2, leading to induction of cell proliferation genes and angiogenesis activators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does Vismodegib do

A

binds to smoothened to block hedgehog signalling and prevent cell cycle activation and angiogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what two genes have been linked to melanoma

A

CDKN2A

CDK4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which signalling pathway is common in melanomas

A

ras/Raf/MAPK

17
Q

example of a targeted therapy for melanoma

A

Vemurafenib

mek inhibitor

18
Q

what is dasatinib and imatinib target and function

A 
target - C-Kit
function - prevent cell growth
19
Q

what is vemurafenib and dabrafenib target and function

A

B-raf

prevent cell growth

20
Q

what is trametinib target and function

A

MEK

prevent cell growth

21
Q

what is Ipilimumab and pembrolizumab target and function

A

CTLA-4 on T cells
PD-1 on T cells
T cell activation to enable tumour cell killing

22
Q

what do immune checkpoints do

A

block co-stimulation and inhibit T-cell activation

23
Q

examples of phototoxic drugs

A 
voriconazole - antifungal agent
thiazide diuretics
NSAIDs
Anti-TNF
Azathioprine

dermatology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions