Skin and fascia

Question 1

Describe the skin ( surface area , layers , the type of cells and function ).

Answer 1

1. The surface area of the skin is 2 m2.
2. It consists of two layer :
   A. an outer epidermis ( epithelium )
   B. Underlying dermis ( connective tissue ) and it contains the sweat glands , hair follicles , sebaceous glands , blood vessels , lymphatics and nerves ).

Question 2

How does the skin occupy its colour ?

Answer 2

The colour of the skin is determined by the amount of melanin secreted by the melanocytes in the epidermis

Question 3

Where are the melanocytes present in the skin ?

Answer 3

In the epidermal layer of skin ( epithelium )

Question 4

Where are the thin and thick regions of skin found ?

Answer 4

Thick skin is found in palm of hand and sole of foot. Thin skin is found in the lips.

Question 5

What are the langer’s lines ( cleavage lines ) ?

Answer 5

They are either longitudinal or transverse lines in the skin. They are longitudinal in limbs and transverse in the trunk. They correspond to the orientation if collagen fibers in the DERMIS.

Question 6

How can Langer’s lines be used in surgical incisions ?

Answer 6

Incisions should be made parallel to them for better healing and producing less scaring.

Question 7

What are skin creases and where are they present ?

Answer 7

Skin creases are small grooves present at the site of joints due to strong attachment of the skin to the underlying deep fascia.

Question 8

Where are creases prominent ?

Answer 8

They are prominent on the flexor surfaces of the palms , soles , and digits to facilitate movement