skin Flashcards
Define dermatology?
It is deales with the study of skin, its nature, structure, and functions.
Briefly describe healthy skin?
It should free of visible signs of disease infection or injury. It should be slightly moist, soft, and flexible. fine and grainy
Name the main divisions of the skin and the layers within each division.
Epidermis
The dermis
The stratum corneum: #1
The outer layer of the skin, the cell are concisely be shed and replaced by cells coming to the surface under them
Stratum lucid: #2
The clear layer under the stratum corneum. The thicker on the hands and feet, because it clear light can pass through it.
Stratum granulosum: #3
It composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin.
Stratum spinosum: #4
The spiny layer just above germinativum the spiny layer is where the process of skin cell shedding begins
Stratum germinative: #5
It the deepest of the epidermis. It produces new epidermis skin cells and is responsible for the growth of the epidermis. It contains a special cells melanocytes, which produces dark skin pigment called melanin.
The papillary layer : #1
it contains the dermal papillae, which are small cone-shaped elevation at the base of the hair follicles
The reticular: #2
It the deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with all of its oxygen and nutrients.
- Fat cells
- Blood vessels
- Sebaceous glands (oil )
- Suboriferous glands ( sweat )
- Hair follicles
- Arrector pili muscles
- Nerve ending
Subcutaneous tissue: #3
Its the fatty tissue found below the dermis. It provides cushion for the skin.
Epidermis: top layer of skin ( in-order )
stratum corneum Stratum lucid Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum germinative
The dermis: the bottom layer of skin ( in-order )
The papillary layer
The reticular
Subcutaneous tissue
List the three types of nerve fibers found in the skin.
Motor nerve fibers:
are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attached to the hair follicles. Motor nerves carry impulses from the brain to the muscles.
Sensory nerve fibers:
they react to heat cool, touch pressure, and pain
Secretory nerve fibers:
are distributed to the sudoriferous (sweat ) and sebaceous glands (oil)
Name the two types of glands contained within the skin and describe their functions.
the sudoriferous (sweat ): so your body sweats out extra salt and chemicals from the body, the whole body has them, regulates body temperature and eliminates wastes from the body.
sebaceous glands (oil): are connected to the hair follicles, there are found in the hole body expected the hands and feet. The face and scalp are where they are larger. They have little sacks with ducts that open into the follicle. These glands secrete sebum ( a fatty or oily substance )
What are collagen and elastin?
in the dermis; there is collagen and elastin. There are made up of flexible protein fibers and they make 70% of the dermis.
Collagen: it gives the skin form and strength, when they are healthy they allow the skin to stretch, wrinkles and sagging are often the results of collagen fibers losing their strength.
Elastin: is a protein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue. It is interwoven with the collagen fibers. It gives the skin flexibility and elasticity.
Explain how collagen and elastin can be weakened.
Collagen and elastin can be weakened due to age, lack of moisture, and developmental damage such as UV light or changes in weight.
What are the six important functions of the skin?
- Protection
- Sensation: feeling, heat, cold, touch, pressure and pain.
- Heat regulation
- Excretion: getting ride of sweat
- Secretion: produce of oil and lubes the skin making it soft.
- absorption
What are the six classes of nutrients the body needs and how are they obtained?
Carbohydrates Vitamins Fats Minerals Proteins Water All obtained by eating and drinking. Cant not be made by the body enough.
What are the five basic food groups?
Grain Dairy??????? Vegetables Protein foods Fruits
Name four vitamins that can help the skin and describe how they help.
vitamin A, C, D, E
Vitamin A:
helps with the health and function and repair of skin cells
Vitamin C:
proper repair of skin and tissues. Speed up healing proses importing to help with the aging process, and help the production of collagen
Vitamin D:
you need vitamin D for vitamin C and help rapid skin repair
Vitamin E:
helps protect the skin from the harmful effect of sun UV light
What is the one essential item that no person can live without and why is it essential to the skin and body?
Water: make the cells healthy helps get rid of toxins and wasted regulars the body temp and helps with proper digestion.
